Visiting the Historical Knoxville’s Market Square Farmer’s Market

5 December 202223 September 2024

2016 marked the 225^th year of Knoxville’s Market Square Farmer’s Market and my family happened to be passing through on our way to Gatlinburg. Farmers and vendors from all over East Tennessee have been coming to downtown Knoxville to set up shop at the Market Square, surrounded by fabulous restaurants and interesting boutiques.

From Babalu Restaurant, we walked towards Market Square to visit the Knoxville Farmer’s Market. Located along a long pedestrian mall, it was here, in this very location, where the first market opened for the sale of farm produce. We were curious to see what vendors would be there and what items we could buy.

The square, just over an acre in size, has been a popular meeting place for street musicians and artists since the 1880s. I imagine listening to the music of Duke Ellington or watching the fiddle contests of Frank Murphy back in the 1920s. We watched a guitar and cello duo playing at one of the street corners in front of a furniture shop, Enjoying the talent of these musicians, we stayed for a few songs and dropped off a tip in their instrument cases.

In addition to the vendor’s booths, there were children dancing through the fountains and busy outdoor cafes along the market square. It is a different scene than that of the late 1800s farmers who would pull their wagons up to the Market House. Back then, there was a monthly cost of three dollars for merchants who rented a stall.

After the marketplace opened in January 1854, several shops and venues were built along its outskirts. Among the sites were a grocery, saloon and lumberyard. Over twenty years later, additional services were set up to include a mill, a boarding house, physician and pharmacists offices, more saloons and Peter Kerns’ confections store. Today there are several upscale and casual sidewalk cafes where one can find a seat to enjoy the exciting hustle of the market scene.

On the north end of the square is Knoxville’s City Hall, built in 1868. Just five years earlier, in 1865, this area had been occupied by the Union Army and converted into barracks and storage for ammunition during the Civil War.

By the early 1900s, prohibition closed the saloons, residents began to move out to the suburbs and small businesses began to close, replaced by chain commercial commerce and movie theaters. Eventually, the Market Hall would be replaced by the open-air market in 1960 in hopes of revitalizing the city.

In addition to the traditional stalls of produce, crafts and more, food trucks line the alleys for an expanded option of lunch items, baked goods and delicious local foods. Today, Knoxville’s Farmer’s Market continues the tradition it began 225 years ago, with a modern twist and we loved the time that we spent here.

Have you had the opportunity to visit Knoxville’s Farmer’s Market in Tennessee? What did you buy? Did you eat at one of the restaurants or food trucks? I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for exploring the Farmer’s Market with me by reading my blog post. Wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Market Square Farmer’s Market
Downtown Knoxville, Tennessee

Open every Wednesday (11 AM to 2 PM) and Saturday (9 AM to 2 PM) starting in May through November, the Market is open in the heart of Knoxville.

Where to Stay:

Four Points Sheraton Knoxville Cumberland House
1109 White Avenue
Knoxville, TN 37916
Telephone: 865 971 4663

Where to Eat:

Babalu’s
412 S. Gay Street
Knoxville, TN 37902
Telephone: 865 329 1002

We ordered Babalu’s signature guacamole, made table side, which was absolutely amazing (secret ingredient? sundried tomatoes!). We decided to share three tapas which included the beef empanadas, three tacos and grilled tenderloin with a teriyaki glaze and we enjoyed our meals.

What to Eat in Knoxville:

Brunch at Bistro on the Bayou
Chicken pot pie
Fried Green Tomatoes
Mac and Cheese
Meatloaf
Tennessee Whiskey

What to Read:

Historic Knoxville: The Curious Visitor’s Guide to Its Stories and Places, by Jack Neely

Photo Guide to Knoxville:

Bike Sculpture
Bridge Sunrise
CityView Sunset from SoKno
Fort Dickerson Quarry
Gay Street
Greetings from Knoxville Postcard Mural
House Mountain
Sunsphere
Tennessee Theater on the corner of Gay Street and Clinch Avenue
A View from the Bluffs

Gettysburg National Military Park – The Final Day of Battle

6 November 202122 September 2024

The Battle of Gettysburg commenced at 4:30 AM on Culp’s Hill beginning its third day of conflict. Union troops opened fire on Confederates as they began their climb up the hill. General Lee’s strategy was to come in from the east and the south, but he also knew that if they were going to succeed, they would need to fight against the Union center on Cemetery Ridge. Two hours of the most intense fighting ever recorded in North American history took place between 1 to 3 PM.

General George Pickett’s men were the last to arrive from Virginia. The Confederate soldiers were exhausted and additional support was a welcome sight. Once artillery fire began to slow down, 12,500 Confederate soldiers marched three quarters of a mile through open fields during the heat of the day. It was 3:30 in the afternoon and this advance would be known as Pickett’s Charge.

It was the last opportunity for the rebels to defeat the Union, but the outcome was unsuccessful. By the end of the night, they found themselves in the same location where they had started earlier that day. Over seven thousand Confederates had perished that day and the Union army had lost around three thousand men. General Lee determined it was time to retreat.

Fighting ceases around 6 PM as a result of a costly defeat to the Confederates. In total it was estimated that there were nearly 30,000 casualties on both sides. Lee’s only resort was to retreat back to Virginia across the Potomac River.

“High Water Mark: Late in the afternoon after a two-hour cannonade some 7,000 Union soldiers posted around The Copse of Trees, The Angle and the Brian Barn repulsed the bulk of the 12,000 – man “Pickett’s Charge” against the Federal center. This was the climactic moment of the battle. On July 4, Lee’s army began retreating. Total casualties (killed, wounded captured and missing) for the three days of fighting were 23,000 for the Union army and as many as 28,000 for the Confederate army.”

The American Civil War would finally end on May 9^th, 1865.

Abraham Lincoln gave his famous Gettysburg Address at the Gettysburg National Cemetery (formerly known as the Soldiers’ National Cemetery) on November 19, 1863. This location is the resting place for over 3,500 Union soldiers killed at the Battle of Gettysburg.

“National Cemetery: This was the setting for Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address, delivered at the cemetery’s dedication on November 19, 1863.”

It has been said that the Battle of Gettysburg was one of the most costly. The number of casualties were more than all previous American wars combined. The remains of human and animal carcasses were strewn across the battlefield in the hot July sun. This did not include the approximate 23,000 Union casualties that were being treated in the little town of Gettysburg. It devastated this town with a population of only 2400.

Thousands of visitors pass through the battlefield on an annual basis to relive the history that gave the United States its unity, a nation with “a new birth of freedom”.

Have you visited Gettysburg National Military Park or the Gettysburg National Cemetery? I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for following my visit to Gettysburg and wishing you many Happy Travels.

Local Attraction:

Gettysburg National Military Park Museum and Visitor Center
1195 Baltimore Pike
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 1124

Admission Fee: There is no fee charged to enter the Visitor’s center and museum, but there are fees associated with additional activities provided by the park. All activities are free to children ages 5 and under. To view the 45 minute film narrated by Morgan Freeman, there is a $15 charge for adults (ages 13+) and $10 for children ages 6 – 12. The museum only experience: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $7 for children ages 6 – 12. Guided Bus Tour of the Battlefield: $35 for adults (ages 13+), $21 for children ages 6 – 12; Eisenhower National Historic Site Tour: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $5 for children ages 6 – 12; The David Wills House: $7 for adults (ages 13+), $4 for children ages 6 – 12; NOTE: Tours of the house are free from June 9 – December 31, 2018. The George Spangler Farm Civil War Field Hospital (open only in summer): $6 for adults (ages 13+), $2 for children ages 6 – 12. Visit the website for additional tours which may be available during your visit.
Hours: Park grounds and roads: April 1 – October 31, open from 6 AM to 10 PM; November 1 – March 31, open from 6 AM to 7 PM. The museum is open daily from 9 AM to 5 PM yet closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Year’s Day and early closure on Christmas Eve – 2 PM. The Soldier’s National Cemetery is open from dawn to dusk. Gettysburg Lincoln Railroad Station: November – February: Closed with the exception of holiday dates (see website); March – May open from 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only; Memorial Day – Labor Day: 10 AM to 5 PM daily; September – October 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only.
Amenities: Several tour options, movie at theater, audio guide for scenic drive, hiking, historical reinactments, horseback riding, ranger programs, living history programs and virtual tours and lodging at Bushman House
Scenic View: Spectacular views from Little Round Top and observation towers.
Length of Visit: 2 – 3 hours or more if you have booked multiple tours.
Tips for Your Visit: Booking a tour is one of the best ways to explore Gettysburg National Military Park. During the auto tour, there are very few restrooms and picnic areas along the route. There are also no restaurants along the tour, so pack some snacks and water. Remember that the park is located on hallowed ground and you are asked to treat it with respect.

What to See and What to Do:

Brickhouse Inn Bed & Breakfast
452 Baltimore Street
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 338 9337

Located in downtown historic Gettysburg, the B&B is within walking distance to shops, restaurants and museums and nearby Culp’s Hill and the Soldier’s Cemetery.

Where to Eat:

Dobbin House
89 Steinwehr Avenue
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 2100

Gettysburg’s oldest and most historic home, the Dobbin House offers an exceptional dining experience as guests are served by wait staff dressed in period costume.

I started with the shrimp cocktail, served with traditional cocktail sauce. For my main course, I was drawn to the broiled filet mignon and added a Maryland crabcake to my order.

Gettysburg National Military Park – The Second Day of Battle

30 October 202122 September 2024

The second day of The Battle of Gettysburg conflict began with General Lee’s army forming his battle line along Seminary Ridge. Major General George Meade had arrived at 1AM on July 2, 1863 meeting up with the forces that occupied Culp’s Hill and Cemetery Hill along Cemetery Ridge. Meade was expecting an army of eighty thousand men who were not far behind.

“North Carolina Memorial: Early in the day, the Confederate army positioned itself on high ground here along Seminary Ridge, through town and north of Cemetery and Culp’s Hills. Union forces occupied Culp’s and Cemetery hills and along Cemetery Ridge south to the Round tops, The lines of both armies formed two parallel “fishhooks”.” – The Auto Trail

The Virginia Memorial marks the location where the second day of battle took place. Meade was prepared for Day 2 of the battle and had lined up cannons from Cemetery Hill stretching all the way towards Little Round Top. While General Lee discussed his aim of attack with his commanders, this gave the Union plenty of time to prepare and Union troops under General Dan Sickles, moved to the area known as Devil’s Den. General Lee launched an attack on the Union around 4PM, the fighting escalated at Culp’s Hill and Cemetery Hill and Meade was calling for more troops because Little Round Top was totally unprotected. Although there were many casualties, the Union was able to hold their stance, ending Day 2 of the battle.

“Virginia Memorial: The large open field to the east is where the last Confederate assault of the battle known as “Pickett’s Charge”, occurred July 3^rd.” – The Auto Tour

Several notable locations on the auto tour overlap the days of battle but are quite significant to the story.

Pitzer Woods: In the afternoon of July 2^nd, Lt. General James Longstreet placed his Confederate troops along Warfield Ridge anchoring the left of Pitzer Woods”. – The Auto Tour

Shortly after passing through Pitzer Woods is an observation tower that provides exceptional views of The Peach Orchard and Eisenhower’s Rose Farm. He purchased the 189-acre farm in 1950. Once he became President, he raised Angus on the property and it became his sanctuary away from the Oval Office. After completing two terms in office, Eisenhower and his wife made the farm their permanent home until his death in 1969.

“Warfield Ridge: Longstreet’s assaults began here at 4PM. They were directed against Union troops occupying Devil’s Den the Wheatfield, and Peach Orchard, against Meade’s undefended left flank at The Round Tops.” – The Auto Tour

The road begins to take a northeasterly direction. Before reaching Little Round Top, there is a hike with several memorials and monuments. I enjoyed taking a break from the auto tour and enjoying the outdoors.

Coming upon Little Round Top, a placard clearly marks the battle site. This location was a significant hill occupied by the Union forces.

“ Little Round Top: Quick action by Brig. Gen. Governor K. Warren, Meade’s chief engineer, alerted Union officers to the Confederate threat and brought Federal reinforcements to defend this position.” – The Auto Tour

Continuing the drive along Sykes Avenue and the road reaches large open field known as The Wheatfield and The Peach Orchard. On the second day of battle, brutal fighting stormed through Little Round Top, Wheatfield and Sherfy’s Peach Orchard. The Union soldiers continued to hold their lines.

“The Wheatfield: Charge and countercharge left this field and the nearby woods strewn with over 4,000 dead and wounded.” – The Auto Tour

“The Peach Orchard: The Union line extended from Devil’s Den to here on Emmitsburg Road. Federal cannon bombarded Southern forces across the Rose Farm toward the Wheatfield until about 6:30PM, when Confederate attacks overran this position.” – The Auto Tour

United States Avenue passes the Plum Run Valley. The fighting eventually reached Plum Run, which later became known as the “Valley of Death”.

“Plum Run: While fighting raged to the south at the Wheatfield and Little Round Top, retreating Union soldiers crossed this ground on their way from the Peach Orchard to Cemetery Ridge.” – The Auto Tour

United States Avenue dead ends into Hancock Avenue on the left and Sedgewick Avenue towards the right. Making a sharp left, the Pennsylvania Monument comes into view.

“Pennsylvania Monument: Union artillery held the line alone here on Cemetery Ridge late in the day as Meade called for infantry from Culp’s Hill and other areas to strengthen and hold the center of the Union position.” – The Auto Tour

At Culp’s Hill, there is an observational tower before reaching East Cemetery Hill.

“East Cemetery Hill: At dusk, Union forces repelled a Confederate assault that reached the crest of the hill. By day’s end, both flanks of the Union army had been attacked and both had held, despite losing ground. In a council of war, Meade, anticipating an assault on the center of his line, determined that his army would stay and fight.” – The Auto Tour

As fighting continued throughout the day, the Union army traveled further south and west towards Devil’s Den. By the end of the day, the Wheat Field was strewn with corpses and the battle ended in a stalemate.

This would end the second day of battle, July 3, 1863.

Are you familiar with the Battle of Gettysburg? Have you visited the National Military Park? I would love to hear about your time spent in Gettysburg and what you found most interesting if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for following my drive through the Gettysburg National Military Park and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Gettysburg National Military Park Museum and Visitor Center
1195 Baltimore Pike
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 1124

Admission Fee: There is no fee charged to enter the Visitor’s center and museum, but there are fees associated with additional activities provided by the park. All activities are free to children ages 5 and under. To view the 45 minute film narrated by Morgan Freeman, there is a $15 charge for adults (ages 13+) and $10 for children ages 6 – 12. The museum only experience: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $7 for children ages 6 – 12. Guided Bus Tour of the Battlefield: $35 for adults (ages 13+), $21 for children ages 6 – 12; Eisenhower National Historic Site Tour: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $5 for children ages 6 – 12; The David Wills House: $7 for adults (ages 13+), $4 for children ages 6 – 12; NOTE: Tours of the house are free from June 9 – December 31, 2018. The George Spangler Farm Civil War Field Hospital (open only in summer): $6 for adults (ages 13+), $2 for children ages 6 – 12. Visit the website for additional tours which may be available during your visit.
Hours: Park grounds and roads: April 1 – October 31, open from 6 AM to 10 PM; November 1 – March 31, open from 6 AM to 7 PM. The museum is open daily from 9 AM to 5 PM yet closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Year’s Day and early closure on Christmas Eve – 2 PM. The Soldier’s National Cemetery is open from dawn to dusk. Gettysburg Lincoln Railroad Station: November – February: Closed with the exception of holiday dates (see website); March – May open from 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only; Memorial Day – Labor Day: 10 AM to 5 PM daily; September – October 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only.
Amenities: Several tour options, movie at theater, audio guide for scenic drive, hiking, historical reinactments, horseback riding, ranger programs, living history programs and virtual tours and lodging at Bushman House
Scenic View: Spectacular views from Little Round Top and observation towers.
Length of Visit: 2 – 3 hours or more if you have booked multiple tours.
Tips for Your Visit: Booking a tour is one of the best ways to explore Gettysburg National Military Park. During the auto tour, there are very few restrooms and picnic areas along the route. There are also no restaurants along the tour, so pack some snacks and water. Remember that the park is located on hallowed ground and you are asked to treat it with respect.

Where to Stay:

Brickhouse Inn Bed & Breakfast
452 Baltimore Street
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 338 9337

Located in downtown historic Gettysburg, the B&B is within walking distance to shops, restaurants and museums and nearby Culp’s Hill and the Soldier’s Cemetery.

Where to Eat:

Dobbin House
89 Steinwehr Avenue
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 2100

Gettysburg’s oldest and most historic home, the Dobbin House offers an exceptional dining experience as guests are served by wait staff dressed in period costume.

I started with the shrimp cocktail, served with traditional cocktail sauce. For my main course, I was drawn to the broiled filet mignon and added a Maryland crabcake to my order.

Continuing Along the Gettysburg Memorial Drive

The Eisenhower Farm

The View from Observation Tower 2

The Insignia on a Monument from one of the Hikes

Spectacular Scenery at Little Round Top, Gettysburg

Looking out onto the Gettysburg Battlefield from Little Round Top

Gettysburg National Military Park – The First Day of Battle

23 October 202122 September 2024

With over two million annual visitors exploring Gettysburg National Military Park each year, I was surprised to learn that it is the most visited battlefield in the United States. Referred to as the “Turning Point of the Civil War”, the Battle at Gettysburg was the most costliest battle in regards to the lives lost at war and took place over a short period from July 1^st through July 4^thin 1863.

The Gettysburg National Military Park was formed in 1895 on the land where the battle was fought as a memorial to honor the Confederate and Union soldiers. Located in southeast Pennsylvania, the park’s highlight is the 24-miles auto tour which covers the notable events that occurred throughout the conflict. The tour begins at the Visitor’s Center and takes about three hours to complete with sixteen stops along the route.

Major battles had already been fought during the Civil War when The Battle of Gettysburg commenced. Confederate troops marched towards Gettysburg along Chambersburg Pike. Union officer Marcellus Jones would fire the first shot in the bloody battle of Gettysburg, signifying the start of the war.

By 10 AM, Major General John F. Reynolds of the Union Army and his famous “Iron Brigade” arrived at McPherson Ridge, but Reynolds was killed shortly thereafter suffering a gunshot wound to the head. It was a huge loss for the Union as Reynolds was one of their most experienced leaders. Reynolds’ men placed his body under a tree which is marked today by a monument on the spot where the general fell. By the afternoon, a full battle had engaged.

“McPherson Ridge: The Battle of Gettysburg began at about 8 a.m. to the west beyond the McPherson Barn as Union cavalry confronted Confederate Infantry advancing east along Chambersburg Pike. Heavy fighting spread north and south along this ridgeline as additional forces from both sides arrived.” –The Auto Tour

On the first day of the conflict, Brigadier General, John Buford of the Union, reinforced three ridges on the west of town in preparation of Confederate General Lee’s attack. Buford was awaiting the support of additional infantrymen when he was attacked by Lee from the North and Northwest as the Union soldiers quickly retreated to the south. McPherson Ridge was one of those ridges.

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania became the meeting point between the Union and Confederate Soldiers. General Lee’s intentions were to draw the Union troops so that he could fight and destroy them.

“The Eternal Light Peace Memorial: At 1 PM Major General Robert E. Rodes’ Confederates attacked from this hill, threatening Union forces on McPherson and Oak Ridges. Seventy-five years later, over 1,800 Civil War veterans helped dedicate this memorial to ‘Peace Eternal in a National United’.” – The Auto Tour

Along Oak Ridge, Major General Robert E. Rodes attacked the Union around 2PM. A large number of casualties resulted in the assault.

“Oak Ridge: Union soldiers held stubbornly against Rodes’s advance. By 3:30 p.m., however, the entire Union line from here to McPherson Ridge had begun to crumble, finally falling back to Cemetery Hill. When the first day ended, the Confederates held the upper hand. Lee decided to continue the offensive, pitting his 70,000 men army against Meade’s Union army of 93,000.” – The Auto Tour

The Battle at Gettysburg’s first day of conflict ranked as the 23^rd largest battle of the Civil War according to the number of troops engaged. There were 22,000 men engaged under General Meade and 27,000 under the command of General Lee. The northern troops estimated ten thousand men who were killed or captured while eight thousand were lost in the south. The Union forces held their own from Cemetery Hill to Little Round Top as the fighting commenced overnight, ending Day One of the war.

Are you interested in the events that took place during the Civil War? Do you enjoy American History? I would love to hear about your visit to Gettysburg or recommendations for additional battle sites in the US if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading about my visit to Gettysburg! Check out more Gettysburg with my upcoming posts covering Days Two and Three of the conflict. Wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Gettysburg National Military Park Museum and Visitor Center
1195 Baltimore Pike
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 1124

Admission Fee: There is no fee charged to enter the Visitor’s center and museum, but there are fees associated with additional activities provided by the park. All activities are free to children ages 5 and under. To view the 45 minute film narrated by Morgan Freeman, there is a $15 charge for adults (ages 13+) and $10 for children ages 6 – 12. The museum only experience: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $7 for children ages 6 – 12. Guided Bus Tour of the Battlefield: $35 for adults (ages 13+), $21 for children ages 6 – 12; Eisenhower National Historic Site Tour: $9 for adults (ages 13+), $5 for children ages 6 – 12; The David Wills House: $7 for adults (ages 13+), $4 for children ages 6 – 12; NOTE: Tours of the house are free from June 9 – December 31, 2018. The George Spangler Farm Civil War Field Hospital (open only in summer): $6 for adults (ages 13+), $2 for children ages 6 – 12. Visit the website for additional tours which may be available during your visit.
Hours: Park grounds and roads: April 1 – October 31, open from 6 AM to 10 PM; November 1 – March 31, open from 6 AM to 7 PM. The museum is open daily from 9 AM to 5 PM yet closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, New Year’s Day and early closure on Christmas Eve – 2 PM. The Soldier’s National Cemetery is open from dawn to dusk. Gettysburg Lincoln Railroad Station: November – February: Closed with the exception of holiday dates (see website); March – May open from 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only; Memorial Day – Labor Day: 10 AM to 5 PM daily; September – October 10 AM to 5 PM Friday, Saturday and Sunday only.
Amenities: Several tour options, movie at theater, audio guide for scenic drive, hiking, historical reinactments, horseback riding, ranger programs, living history programs and virtual tours and lodging at Bushman House
Scenic View: Spectacular views from Little Round Top and observation towers.
Length of Visit: 2 – 3 hours or more if you have booked multiple tours.
Tips for Your Visit: Booking a tour is one of the best ways to explore Gettysburg National Military Park. During the auto tour, there are very few restrooms and picnic areas along the route. There are also no restaurants along the tour, so pack some snacks and water. Remember that the park is located on hallowed ground and you are asked to treat it with respect.

Where to Stay:

Brickhouse Inn Bed & Breakfast
452 Baltimore Street
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 338 9337

Located in downtown historic Gettysburg, the B&B is within walking distance to shops, restaurants and museums and nearby Culp’s Hill and the Soldier’s Cemetery.

Where to Eat:

Dobbin House
89 Steinwehr Avenue
Gettysburg, PA 17325
Telephone: 717 334 2100

Gettysburg’s oldest and most historic home, the Dobbin House offers an exceptional dining experience as guests are served by wait staff dressed in period costume.

I started with the shrimp cocktail, served with traditional cocktail sauce. For my main course, I was drawn to the broiled filet mignon and added a Maryland crabcake to my order.

The Pennsylvania Calvary Monument

Cannons and Fencing at Gettysburg National Military Park

Looking out into the Gettysburg Battlefield

Gettysburg Canon

Spectacular View from Gettysburg Battlefield

One of the Homes in the Middle of the Gettysburg Battlefield

Gettysburg Auto Tour Sign

The Goth Pennsylvania Infantry Monument

Cade’s Cove, Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee

29 October 202022 September 2024

I found myself mesmerized by the playful shadows fading in and out upon the Smoky Mountains. Surrounded by clouds, the rolling hills were dense with firs and oaks, rising up in the distance from the valley of Cades Cove. I decided to take an early morning drive along the 11-mile loop, one way auto tour to visit this informative living history museum. Picking up the brochure, I began my adventure at the Orientation Shelter and followed the road heading west.

A cove is defined as a flat valley that exists between mountains or ridges. A perfect location for settlers coming from the east, Cade’s Cove provided the ideal terrain for farming and raising cattle. Today, there are over 80 structures that contribute to the historical perspective of life in the Great Smoky Mountains. Dating back to the early 19^th century where the population totaled 685, these buildings include homesteads and outbuildings, churches, barns and an early grist mill.

Dating back to the early 1820s, the John Oliver cabin is the oldest log home in Cades Cove and the first homestead on the tour. Made from trees within the vicinity, the home has an upper and lower level that housed their Cadlarge family.

Organized in June of 1827, Cades Cove Primitive Baptist Church was the meeting place for early settlers until the time of the Civil War. Crossing into its entrance, there was a group of visitors singing hymns towards the front. Several pews were occupied with onlookers enjoying the entertainment. I took my place on one of the benches and closed my eyes for a moment to listen to the sweet sound echo off of the wooden logs.

A quick stop at the Methodist Church provided me the opportunity to examine several epitaphs dating back to the late 1800s with names familiar to the area. It was here where I located the headstone of John Oliver and his wife Eurena Frazier Oliver who are noted as the first permanent white settlers of Cade’s Cove.

A group of Baptists that believed in the emphasis of Missionary work, started a church in 1839 called the Missionary Baptist Church. The congregation shut its doors in 1944.

Once an Indian trail, Cooper Road Trail is a popular hiking path for visitors to Cade’s Cove. Named after Joe Cooper, the road was a direct route to nearby Marysville.

Elijah Oliver left Cade’s Cove during the Civil War but made his home here once he returned. There are several buildings on the property to include the dog-trot style cabin with the detached kitchen, springhouse, smokehouse, corn crib, a chicken coop and a barn. Oliver later added the “stranger room”, an addition to the front porch for overnight guests.

Approximately halfway through the driving tour is the Cable Mill Historic Area & Visitor’s Center, the perfect place to experience the everyday life of the Smoky Mountain settler. Starting out at the center, I pick up additional information about the area and check out a couple of books and guides.

The blacksmith shop was once owned by Tipton Oliver and was brought to this site from another location in the park. The blacksmith held an important position within the community creating farm-related items for the local residents. With the use of hot coals and fire, the iron was shaped into tools, bits, chains and axes.

In addition to homes, the barn was one of the most important structures on the frontier because they provided shelter for the animals during the winter season. The cantilever configuration left half of the barn open as storage space for farm equipment and animals, while the opposite end was enclosed.

Following the wooden flume along the path, I notice the mill which was once owned by John Cable one of the area’s original settlers who purchased this land in the 1860s. Soon after purchasing the land, he built the water-powered grist mill and sash sawmill around 1870. The grist mill uses circular stones that crush grains to create meal while the sawmill cuts into the logs which were used for building homes. Demonstrations of the grist mill take place here and visitors can purchase a small bag of grain.

A short distance from the mill, is the smokehouse where the meat from the hogs were cured by using smoke or salt. The meat was stored here until it was time for the next hog was butchered.

The corn crib was a structure with cracks in between the logs to ensure that the corn would stay dry. Consumed by both animals and man, corn was an important staple for the local residents. They could grind it down to make bread or use it in their stills to produce moonshine.

The bridge-like structure within the distance of the corn crib was actually barn. The load of hay could be brought up to the drive through so that the hay could be unloaded by two men speeding up the process of delivering the load.

Several important structures sit on land that was parceled out by the state of Tennessee once known as “Kate’s Cove”, named for the wife of Cherokee Chief Abrams.

The Gregg Cable House is known as the first frame house to have been in the area making it one of the greatest landmarks in Cade’s Cove. Many of the homes during this time period were not only homes but places of business as well.

Due to its location on a lush valley, surrounded by mountains, it is a wonderful place to see deer, making it one of the most popular destinations within the park.

Leeson Gregg built this house in 1879 on land that he had purchased from John P. Cable, who also provided him the lumber. The home included the main open-style living quarters with a fireplace as well as three room upstairs. A porch and kitchen were added later. Looking up at the ceiling, I couldn’t help but notice a couple of bats, which had me running out of the building as soon as possible.

In addition to the Becky Cable House, there are two additional important sites located on this land which includes Don Lawson’s cabin….

…and the Tipton Cabin.

The “Cove”, once a hunting ground for the Cherokee, is located in a valley surrounded by spectacular mountains and an abundance of wildlife. Living history demonstrations add an added educational aspect from spring through fall. Cade’s Cove is the perfect location for hiking, biking or taking a scenic drive and learning about the history of the Great Smoky Mountains.

Have you visited Cade’s Cove? Did you drive, bike or walk through the park? I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading about my adventure at Cade’s Cove and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Cade’s Cove
Cade’s Cove Loop Road
Great Smoky Mountains National Park, TN 37738
Telephone: 865 436 1200

Where to Stay:

Firefly Chalet
Highway 321 North
Gatlinburg, TN 37738
Website: www.vrbo.com

Where to Eat:

Bennett’s Bar-B-Que
2910 Parkway
Pigeon Forge, TN
Telephone: 865 429 2200

What to Eat:

Barbecue

What to Read:

Cade’s Cove, by Nann Wilson
Cade’s Cove: A Personal History, by William Wayne Oliver
Cade’s Cove: The Dream of the Smoky Mountain by Rose Houlk

Nashville’s Belle Meade Plantation and Winery

22 September 201919 September 2024

A visit to Belle Meade Plantation was on the top of my list when my sister and I arrived in Nashville for a long weekend. In addition to all of the music-related attractions, we were also interested in some of the local historical sites and learned that Belle Meade was not only a plantation, but a winery and restaurant.

In the heart of the south, the grounds of this gorgeous estate are beautifully maintained and the home in pristine condition. Belle Meade’s exhibits are educational providing a detailed account of the plantation’s former owners, their everyday lives and an overview of their wide range of businesses.

I loved the simple, yet modern architecture of the home. The shuttered windows and classical columns are elements of a Greek revival façade. Under John Harding’s ownership in the early 1800’s, he grew the farm to include a blacksmith, a grist mill, saw mill and later a cotton gin.

Harding would later break into the industry of horse racing and breeding thoroughbreds. It was a home of high standing that entertained the likes of President Grover Cleveland and General Grant.

Strolling the grounds was a relaxing detour from the nightlife of Nashville’s Music Row. We had arrived early enough where we were the only visitors on the estate and embraced our own love for horses.

John’s son William took over the plantation in 1839 and continued in the business of horses, but it was in the early 1900s that the plantation would fall on hard times.

Belle Meade became famous for its thoroughbreds. In addition to racing, Belle Meade provided sire services and had many successful studs. The Enquirer (1880-1889) and Bonnie Scotland’s (1873-1879) bloodlines continue to dominate horse racing today after many generations. The Enquirer was named after Cincinnati’s newspaper and has been buried here at the plantation.

Belle Meade was, at one time, the largest plantation in the South. The Smokehouse, one of the 10 buildings that remains on the property, smoked approximately 20,000 pounds of pork each year.

The Gardener’s House and Greenhouse was one of the original buildings on the estate, a part of the Belle Meade plantation, circa 1890. The building was used as a private residence for the gardener and a location to store tools for gardening and to plant seeds for food and flowers.

The dairy supplied a variety of products such as cream, cheese, fresh milk and close to 250 pounds of butter each week.

Four generations of the Harding-Jackson families were buried in this mausoleum, designed by Nashville architect, Adolphus Heiman. Once the property was sold to Judge Jacob McGavock Dickinson, the family remains were moved to Mount Olivet Cemetery.

Belle Meade was known to have one of the largest populations of slaves who resided on its premises. After the Civil War, some of the freed slaves stayed on at the mansion to assist in the everyday tasks of keeping the plantation in business. A replica of the two room cabin offers an insight to the life of the slaves and history of slavery around the area.

In 1892, a large carriage house and stables were built at Belle Meade. The building was used to store and display the family’s carriage collection. Depending on the type of transportation, carriages would be selected for every day use such as trips into town or for special occasions when traveling to high-end social events. A 16 passenger double-decker carriage was available for a large group traveling with the family.

Visitors can explore Belle Meade Plantation on a self-guided tour or by guided tour of costumed guides for an additional cost. Specialty excursions such as Culinary Tours and, Progressive Plantation Tours can also be booked through Belle Meade.

At the end of the tour we decided to check out the restaurant’s menu, then wandered the gift shop and indulged in a free wine tasting.

The Winery at Belle Meade Plantation opened in November of 2009 producing wines from local muscadine grapes and blackberries. They offer an assortment of wines and wine-related products that are unique and native to Nashville. My absolute favorite was the Red Muscadine.

Just as John Harding had intended, Belle Meade continues to offer its visitors an assortment of quality products and services. The long time tradition of hospitality remains an integral part of the plantation as it had so many years ago.

Have you already visited the Belle Meade Plantation? I would love to hear about your experience if your would kindly leave a message below! Happy Travels!!

Disclosure: Please refer to our blog disclaimer tab for more information.

What to See and What to Do:

Belle Meade Plantation
5025 Harding Pike
Nashville, TN 37205
Telephone: 615 356 0501

Admission Fee: Mansion Tour Admission (lasts 45 minutes): $24 for adults, $20 for seniors 65+, Youth ages 6 – 18; Children 5 and under are free. Grounds Tour only: $15 for adults and $10 for youth; Segway Guided Tours: $35 for adults; Wine and Food Pairing is $35 per person; Private Tasting from $50 per person; The Battle of Nashville Tour which includes three battle sites starts at $48 per person and the one hour Journey to Jubilee Tour starts at $24 per person.
Hours: Daily from 9AM to 5PM with the exception of some holidays. Tours begin at 9:30 and the last tour of the day begins at 4PM. Belle Meade Plantation is closed on Easter Sunday, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day. The Harding House, the on-site restaurant, provides seasonal hours, so refer to the website to confirm the hours of operation.
Amenities: Tour guides, restaurant, winery, wine tastings, self-guided tours.
Scenic View: The grounds are absolutely astounding and provide scenic views throughout the property.
Length of Visit: 3 hours to include the mansion tour, ground tour and winery tasting
Tips for Your Visit: The Journey to Jubilee tour is highly recommended which takes you through the slave exhibit. On the grounds tour you will have access to all of the out buildings as well as the previous gravesite of the owners. The winery makes a great muscadine and we enjoyed the wine tasting following our tour.

Where to Stay:

Hampton Inn & Suites Nashville
310 4th Avenue, South
Nashville, TN 37201
Telephone: 615 277 5000

Where to Eat:

The Harding House at Belle Meade Plantation
5025 Harding Pike
Nashville, TN 37205
Telephone: 615 356 0096

I can’t remember the last time I had homemade meatloaf, and when I learned that it was the house specialty, I couldn’t wait to dig into some southern comfort food! I also saved room for their bread pudding.

What to Eat:

Nashville Hot Chicken: Spicy chicken
Meat and Three: A meat and three sides

What to Read:

Because You’re Mine, by Rea Frey
A Murder in Music City, by Michael Bishop
All We Ever Wanted, by Emily Giffin

Photo Guide for Nashville:

Downtown Broadway
Opryland Hotel
I Believe in Nashville mural
Ryman Auditorium
The Parthenon at Centennial Park
Draper James Building
John Seigenthaler Pedestrian Bridge

Springfield, Ohio: The City at the End of the Road

29 January 201716 September 2024

Arriving at the The Clark County Heritage Center, I was excited to learn more about the history of Springfield, Ohio. This city was once my home until high school when I left in search of adventure. I decided to return home to start a business and was happy to become reacquainted with all of the familiar places that I once remembered. They say you always come back to your roots.

After grabbing a cup of coffee at Un Mundo Cafe, I arrived at the Center to explore its museum of historical exhibits. Built in the late 1800s, this Richardsonian Romanesque beauty was home to several public offices until it was abandoned for a number of years, reopening in April 2001. From City Hall to the Police Department, the Center is now a museum as well as retail space for several local businesses.

Easily accessible from the coffee shop, I entered the museum where I was surrounded by pamphlets and books on several shelves in the center lobby. After signing in, I explained to the attendant that my reason for visiting was to write about the museum. He suggested a couple of books to help with my research and I was eager to begin learning more about Springfield, once known as “The City at The End of the Road.”

Stepping into the exhibit, I began my tour standing in front of a map of state route 40. From here, I would soon learn the importance of the National Road as well as its significance and impact on Springfield.

The National Road was first proposed by George Washington to connect the east coast and west coast of the United States. It took several years to complete, and with the help of Thomas Jefferson, they finally broke ground in 1808. The project first began in the small town of Cumberland, Maryland, as the route continued to evolve over the years.

As the road progressed, it reached Columbus, Ohio in 1830 and continued towards Springfield with the financial aid of local resident Pierson Spinning. Mile markers made of stone were strategically placed to document the distance traveled from Cumberland where some of these markers still remain.

Wagons were the primary source of transport for adventurous families leaving the east coast for a future out west. The museum displays the wagon of David Crabill who was one of the early settlers to reach Clark County and make this area his home in 1808.

Today, the National Road is paved with blacktop, but at its inception, small stones marked its path. As the roadway reached Clark County, brick was laid throughout the streets of Springfield and later continued to Bellefontaine with the use of concrete. Without further government financing, the National Road would end in Springfield in 1836, where it became know as the city at “the end of the road.” As the progression stalled, many families settled in Springfield doubling its census from 510 to 1080 residents.

The National Road encouraged a booming business along its route with the start of several taverns as well as bed and breakfasts. Over the years, the establishment of small towns in Clark County would help Springfield grow as a city of wealth and industry.

In 1844, Wittenberg College moved from Wooster to Springfield and the city became incorporated six years later. The addition of six gas lights downtown and the production of farm equipment put Springfield in the spotlight for industry.

Springfield also played a role in abolition, offering assistance to runaway slaves throughout the underground railroad movement. By 1832, Uncle Tom’s Cabin was published and an awareness of slavery was reaching the northerners. It was Anne Aston Warden who assisted with organizing an underground railroad association in Springfield to provide aid and safe havens for the slaves as they made their way north towards Canada.

Harriett Beecher Stowe’s book was made into a play, which was performed in Springfield. The same year, the Basey family purchased land, being the first African Americans to do so. Shortly thereafter, in 1857, local resident Udney Hyde of Mechanicsburg protected a Kentucky slave, Addison White, from being captured by US marshals.

During the Civil War, Springfield factories rose up to support the war efforts by making uniforms, wagons and linseed oil. Congressman Shellabarger voted to pass the United States’ first Civil Rights Act and local families in Clark County offered their assistance by taking in former slave children. The production of farm equipment continued as Springfield entered its Golden Age in the mid 1870s.

As Springfield continued to prosper, Ulysses S. Grant was President of the United States and the city would host the Ohio State Fair. “Mother Stewart” would arrive in Springfield from Piketon to lead the temperance movement in a crusade to abolish alcohol.

Photos depicting the industrial movement in Springfield are on display in the museum. It was a time of prosperity for Springfield and the City Building (now the Heritage Center), designed by Charles Cregar, a local architect, was completed by 1890.

In the late 1890’s Springfield would come to be known as “The Home City” as facilities to assist organizations such as the Masons, Odd Fellows, and Knights of Pythias were built around town. In 1898, Snyder Park was created with land donated by the Snyder Brothers and remains today as a beautiful oasis close to the city’s center.

From here, I took a short break for lunch returning in 30 minutes to continue my visit to the Heritage Center which is covered in a second blog post titled, Politics, Theaters and Automobiles: Springfield, Ohio’s Rich History.

Are you a Springfield native or have family in the area? Have had the opportunity to visit the Heritage Center? I would love to hear about your connection to Springfield or about your visit to the Heritage Center if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading this post about my hometown of Springfield and wishing you many Happy Travels.

What to See and What to Do:

The Clark County Heritage Center
117 South Fountain Avenue
Springfield, Ohio 45502
Telephone: 937 324 0657

Admission Fee: Free, and donations are welcome.
Hours: Museum: Tuesday through Friday from 9AM to 4PM; Saturday from 9AM to 3PM. Closed on the following holidays: New Year’s Eve, New Year’s Day, Easter, 4th of July, Thanksgiving, Christmas Eve and Christmas Day
Amenities: Bookstore and gift shop, guided tours, video presentation
Length of Visit: 2 – 3 hours
Tips for Your Visit: Donations recommended are Family: $10; Adults: $5 and Children: $3.

Where to Stay:

Courtyard Marriott Springfield
100 S. Fountain Avenue
Springfield, OH 45502
Telephone: 937 322 3600

Where to Eat:

Heart of Country Gift Shoppe and Teaberries Cafe
1600 E. Leffel Lane
Springfield, OH 45505
Telephone: 937 325 3030

I could spend hours strolling the Heart of Country Shoppe, but when I visit, I can’t wait to have lunch at Teaberries. I always start my lunch with a piece of yummy, moist orange bread. Known for their wide varieties of chicken salad sandwiches, I always revert to the House Favorite, the Midwest Delight, served on a butter croissant. If you have room, try their homemade carrot cake or peanut butter pie.

More favorite Springfield eateries:

Schuler’s Donuts: Their chocolate cream-filled doughnut is their best seller…”home of homemade”. The bakery has several locations in Springfield.
Simon Kenton Inn: This historical home is an inn, restaurant and entertainment venue. With great food, I love the atmosphere of the Simon Kenton Inn.
Guerra’s Krazy Tacos: One of my favorite places to eat in Springfield, Guerra’s is known for their unique gourmet tacos.
Salato Deli: I love stopping by this deli for their charcuterie board
Le Torte Dolci Bakery; Located next to the Salato Deli, this European French bakery also serves amazing gelato.
Mike & Rosie’s Deli: This staple of Springfield is located near the Wittenberg campus and I am extremely fond of their Reuben sandwich.

Where to Drink:

Mother Stewart’s Brewing Company: Springfield’s only brewery, Mother Stewart’s showcases nine craft beers produced onsite.

What to Read:

The Book of Springfield, Ohio, 1906, by Springfield Commercial Club
Springfield, Ohio: A Summary of Two Centuries, by Tom Dunham
Ridgewood in the Country Club District, by Tamara K. Dallenbach
Still Standing: A life of pain, adversity and perseverance, by James Cooper
Hometown Killer, by Carol Rothgeb

Photo Guide for Springfield, Ohio:

Hartman Rock Garden
Westcott House, Frank Lloyd Wright House
Glen Helen Nature Preserve in nearby Yellow Springs
Heritage Center of Clark County
Tecumseh Land Trust in nearby Yellow Springs
Ohio Caverns in nearby Bellefontaine
Oakes Quarry Park in nearby Fairborn, Ohio

Featured Ohio Winery: Mon Ami Winery, now Gideon Owen Wine Company

18 June 201616 September 2024

Update: Mon Ami Winery is now Gideon Owen Wine Company

Sumptuous smells of garlic and cheese reached the table within seconds before my pizza arrived. I ordered the Margherita Pizza, a glass of Concord and the menu’s recommended wine pairing, Pinot Noir. I had just spent the Labor Day weekend exploring nearby Lake Erie’s Put-in-Bay and planned to stop for lunch at one of Ohio’s oldest and largest wineries, Mon Ami Restaurant and Historic Winery.

I arrived early passing through the Mon Ami arch to avoid the Saturday night crowd. Mon Ami’s weekend entertainment and decadent seafood buffet can leave visitors waiting hours for a table.

The dramatic façade of the winery, constructed of limestone and sand, was designed and built by George Loeb. Construction of the initial structure began in the 1850s, but was halted during the Civil War, becoming a temporary, make-shift prison for the Confederates. The building was finally completed in 1872.

The history of Mon Ami began in 1873 when a cooperation of grape growers and vintners established Catawba Island Wine Company. While Prohibition saw the closing of many Ohio wineries, Mon Ami survived by producing and selling altar wine. Generating 130,000 gallons of wine, the estate was purchased by Mon Ami Champagne Company in 1937, one of the few American wineries producing the finest champagne.

The fire of 1945 destroyed much of the upper rooms of the original winery and it was at this time, Mon Ami decided to open its restaurant, collaborating with the local Zapone family. Mon Ami continues its tradition of offering up-scale cuisine in its Main Dining room with a selection to include Alaskan crab, Prime Rib and Executive Chef specials. Sommology recommendations are listed on Mon Ami’s menu, making it easy to decide which wine to pair with one’s food order.

The Chalet offers a more casual seating environment with live Jazz on Sundays and additional entertainment on Friday and Saturday nights.

I passed on dessert so that I could sample some of Mon Ami’s wine in the wine tasting room. Tasting Flights range from $5 – $7 or $1 per wine and an additional charge for dessert wines, liquors and champagne. I was so excited to sample the limoncello in additional to some of my favorite wine varietals.

Mon Ami’s spectacular collection of wines include California premium wines of Chardonnay, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc, Shiraz and Zinfandel in addition to their Ohio line of estate wines such as Proprietor’s Reserve Chardonnay and Cabernet, Riesling, Gewurtztraminer and Pinot Noir.

Mon Ami Winery hosts, on average, seven weddings over a weekend not to mention additional banquets and special celebrations throughout the year. From photographs in the arbor and rose garden or weddings in the wine cellar, the winery offers a wide range of on-site venues to celebrate that perfect occasion.

I inquired about the Loretta Pagnini Cooking School which features demonstrations and classes taught by Pagnini, a teaching chef who offers cooking tips, teaches a wide range of kitchen techniques. I knew that this would be a wonderful experience for a weekend with the girls.

Have you visited Mon Ami Winery? What was your favorite part of your visit? Dinner? Wine Tasting? I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading about my fun afternoon at Mon Ami Restaurant and Historical Winery and wishing you Many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Mon Ami Restaurant & Historic Winery
9845 East Wine Cellar Road
Port Clinton, OH 43452
Telephone: 419 797 4445

The winery is open seven days a week, but the hours differ from the Winter to the Summer season, so check their website for hours of operation. Reservations are only taken on select holidays (Easter, Mother’s and Father’s Day, Thanksgiving, New Year’s Eve), so it is first-come, first-served. For Holiday Reservations call 419 797 4445.

Many stores throughout Ohio carry the popular Mon Ami wines, but purchases can also be made through Mon Ami’s online store.

Where to Stay:

South Beach Resort
8620 E. Bayshore Rd.
Marblehead, OH 43440
Hotel Reservations; 419 798 4900
Cottage Reservations: 419 798 5503

Where to Eat:

Mon Ami Restaurant & Historic Winery
9845 East Wine Cellar Road
Port Clinton, OH 43452
Telephone: 419 797 4445

During the weekends, Mon Ami hosts a seafood buffet on Saturday and Sunday brunch which are both very popular. Arrive early!

What to Eat:

Assiette de Fromage (Cheese Plate) from L’Albratos for a wide ranges of cheese
Barberton-style Fried Chicken, made from a Serbian recipe is an amazing dish from White House Chicken in nearby Barberton, Ohio
Beef Cheek Pierogie’s from Michael Symon’s Lola
Corned Beef Sandwiches from Slyman’s
Polish Boy at Seti’s is a kielbasa topped with meat, coleslaw and ketchup.
Pierogie’s from Sokolowski’s University Inn
Veal Parmesan at Trattoria on the Hill in Cleveland’s Little Italy neighborhood

The National Underground Railroad Freedom Center

19 March 201614 September 2024

Since the Ohio River played an important role in providing freedom to American slaves, it was no surprise that Cincinnati, Ohio would have been chosen as the location for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center.

I visited the museum with the mindset that my experience would provide me with a historical perspective of pre-Civil War slavery, but I was more than surprised when I learned that the center also focused on modern day human trafficking. The interactive exhibits were educational and informative and I realized that I was not prepared for what I would experience here. This museum is so much more.

The National Underground Railroad Freedom Center presents detailed displays providing an account of slavery in the United States over the 18th and 19th centuries. Artifacts, photos, artwork and diaries bring to life the stories of some of the 100,000 slaves that were determined to flee captivity in search of freedom.

Walking through an original Slave Pen from Mason County, Kentucky was one of the most emotional experiences of my visit. I could not help but think of the many lives that passed through here, held against their will, sold for a sum that could never equal the price of a human life. It saddens me to think of the inhumane way that slaves were treated and that, just because of the color of one’s skin, that they should be regarded as anything less than human.

Placards show how the organization dismantled the two story log structure, transported it to the center and the carefully reconstructed the cabin on the second floor. Built in 1830, this twenty-one by thirty-foot structure was used to hold slaves until they were shipped to other locations for auction. I enjoyed a few moments with the museum’s docent who provided a description of the Slave Pen, explained the additional exhibits and answered the questions I had about the history of slavery.

On display are several artifacts and documents that have been well preserved and provide insight into the process of obtaining slaves in the United States. For example, a probate list of the “possessions of John W. Anderson” includes the details of his belongings to include a list of slaves that were in his possession. It is heartbreaking to realize that slaves were nothing more than property as if they were cattle or crops.

The length of time in which the slaves were kept in the cabin depended upon the slave trade market, lasting from days or even months. The Slave Pen’s construction is very simple with only eight small windows, a stone floor and a fireplace. The women lived on the first floor so that they could cook at the fireplace, while the men slept on the second floor. Stepping into the rustic structure is a sobering realization that slavery was once an accepted practice in the United States.

The men were chained to the structure to ensure that they would not escape. They were imprisoned, not because of any wrongdoing, but only because of the color of their skin. They were not free to come and go as they pleased and any attempt of escape was severely punished to include harsh beatings, dismemberment and even death.

The exhibit titled From Slavery to Freedom showcases the period of slavery in the Americas covering a period of three centuries. The museum’s thorough account of the how slavery began shows the early enslavement of Native Americans and European indentured servants. By the late 1800s, it was estimated that over 11 million Africans would survive the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean and would be sold into slavery to the Caribbean, North and South America.

The display concludes with the end of the Civil War resulting in Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation to abolish slavery. After three long years of bloodshed, the document declared “that all persons held as slaves within the rebellious states are henceforward shall be free.” At the time of the decree it was estimated that there were approximately 4 million slaves in the United States.

Although much emphasis within the museum has been given to the history of slavery in the United States, the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center also covers a wide range of events where Human Rights were compromised over the course of history. There is a piece of the Berlin Wall that once separated communist East Berlin and West Berlin restricting passage to each side of the city for over 28 years. November 9, 1989 marks the beginning of the Wall’s fall as East Germany opened the borders for passage.

Unfortunately, slavery continues throughout the world today with an estimated 27 million people enslaved, with 60,000 residing in the United States. With the Center’s primary objective to “abolish human enslavement and secure freedom for all people”, it is not surprising that a wing of the museum is dedicated to modern day slavery, which most of us know as human trafficking.

It is a despicable practice where people are living as forced laborers, child brides in arranged marriages and involved in the sex trade. It is a real problem, even in the United States that can no longer be ignored and denied.

The human trafficking section of the Center identifies the countries where the enslavement of people exists and what action is currently being taken by their government agencies and volunteers to end human slavery. Innocent lives are exploited each day for the sake of profit or the paying off of debts.

In addition to all of the exhibits, there are videos that literally bring the story of slavery to life. The Journey to Freedom video gives account of the lives of two former slaves, Solomon Northrup from America and a modern day slave from Cambodia, Vannak Prum. Both men were free until they were deceived into taking on employment that would result in their being sold into slavery, unbeknownst to them. The presentation documents their capture, the abuse that they would endure and the events that would lead to their release after suffering many years of captivity.

The documentary concludes by recognizing the many heroes that made it their mission to end slavery in both the 19^th century and today. The most recent account is the 2012 recognition of 12 activists who were honored for both their work to end Human Trafficking and their passion for fighting for Human Rights.

The Center provides various “quiet places” in which to reflect on past and present violations of human rights throughout history and throughout the world. It can seem so overwhelming that slavery is, in fact, an epidemic that continues to this day and is on the rise.

From one of these vantage points, I was reminded that not long ago, just across the river, American slaves longed to cross this symbolic Jordan River in hopes of living the rest of their lives in the Promised Land of the free. This was not an easy passage and it is estimated that only about 100,000 people were successful in their fight for freedom. The National Underground Freedom Center is a reminder that even today, freedom is worth the fight.

Are you a freedom fighter and human rights activist? Have you had the opportunity to visit the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center? I would love to hear from you to learn more about your cause and/or organization if you would kindly leave your message in the comments section below. If the museum has moved you in any way, I would be excited to hear about your experience as well. Many thanks for taking the time to read about my experience at the National Underground Freedom Center and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

The National Underground Freedom Center
50 East Freedom Way
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Telephone: 513 333 7500

Admission Fee: $15 for Adults, $10.50 for children ages 3 – 12, Seniors 60+ for $13 and children 3 and under is free of charge.
Hours: Open daily from 10 AM to 5 PM from Tuesday to Saturday and from Noon to 5 PM on Sunday and Monday; Tickets sold until 4PM.
Amenities: Historic tours, Exhibits, Geneology, Group Tours, Rental Space, African American bookstore, Gift Shop, North Star Café, Special Exhibits
Scenic View: The view of the Ohio River and Kentucky
Length of Visit: 4 hours
Travel Tip: Backpacks, large bags and umbrellas are not permitted in the museum.

Where to Stay:

Millennium Hotel Cincinnati
150 W. 5th Street
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Telephone: 513 352 2100

Where to Eat:

Moerlein Lager House
115 Joe Nuxhall Way
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Telephone: 513 421 2337

I was so happy to see the Caprese Flatbread on the menu and I ordered a couple of local beers. The restaurant was busy because the Cincinnati Reds were playing and the location is close to the stadium.

During a later date, I visited with a friend where we ordered a flight of beer and the Meat and Cheese board which was served with grilled beer bread, spicy mustard, applekraut and pickles. We selected two meats (prosciutto and candied pork belly) as well as two cheeses (Red Dragon mustard Welsh cheddar, which is a favorite of mine and the Cabot Hot Habanero Cheddar). Exceptional! Additional meat and cheese samples are available for $4 each.

What to Eat:

Skyline Chili: My go-to meal at Skyline is the 4-way chili with onion served with oyster crackers and hot sauce. I always pick up two York peppermint patties after cashing out. Cincinnati chili is a beef based sauce served over spaghetti noodles and cheese. Additional toppings include onions and beans.
LaRosa’s Pizza: A local chain pizzeria, this Sicilian style pie is made with a sweet crust and sauce. My favorite menu item is the Caprese pesto Flatbread Pizza.
Graeter’s Ice Cream: It’s the French Pot process that makes Graeter’s Ice Cream so decadent and rich. Towards the end of the process, they pour chocolate into the mix creating large chunks of yummy goodness.
Montgomery Inn BBQ: Visiting the original Montgomery Inn BBQ at the boathouse is a culinary and scenic experience. Their ribs are served with a sweet and tangy sauce that has since made them the “Ribs King” and a favorite among locals. Load up on their amazing BBQ flavored Saratoga chips,
Glier’s Goetta: While it looks like a slab of corn beef hash, this breakfast staple is made of sausage and oats, cooked until crispy. Most breakfast restaurants carry it as a side, especially the local cafes and diners.
BonBonerie: One of the most decadent pastry shops in Cincinnati, their rich confections are absolutely amazing.

Where to Drink:

Moerlein Lager House
115 Joe Nuxhall Way
Cincinnati, OH 45202
Telephone: 513 421 2337

Books to Read:

Eligible: A Modern Retelling of Pride & Prejudice, by Curtis Sittenfeld
Running, by J.T. Cooper
Dead Witch Walking, by Kim Harrison
Beloved, by Toni Morrison
Double Dutch, by Sharon M. Draper
Romiette and Julio, by Sharon M. Draper

Photo Guide for Cincinnati (as provided by Chris Thompson on FourSquare):

The John A Roebling Suspension Bridge
- Pick a spot near the Covington pier and shoot north toward the Cincinnati skyline. Shoot at sunset and underexpose by a few stops to get the lights just right.
- The new lights on the bridge create excellent stars when you photograph them using a narrow aperture (~f/16 and above) on your camera. That means you’ll need a longer exposure (and thus a tripod).
General James Taylor Park
- Shoot from the top of the flag pole mound to get more building reflections in your shot. Shoot at sunset or sunrise for great lighting.
Cincinnati Museum Center at Union Terminal
- Arrive first thing in the morning when the sun is coming up
The Fountain at Fountain Square
- For great photos of the fountain: set your camera on a tripod and use a long exposure (2-5 seconds) to capture the running water. Get Carew or the colored lights above Rock Bottom in the background.
Fountain Square (look for reflections in puddles)
Celestial Restaurant in Mount Adams – The restaurant is now closed, but you may still be able to use the parking lot.
Carew Tower Observation Deck
- Provides some neat photos of the highways snaking around the city. Set your camera on a tripod and use a long exposure to get moving car trails. It’s only open at sunset a few days each year.
Engine Company 46, 2733 Erie Avenue (at Michigan), Cincinnati
- One of the most beautiful historic firehouses in all of Cincinnati. The firefighters here are used to having their photo taken while they work. Ask nicely and you can get some cool shots.
Cincinnati Observatory Center
Krohn Conservatory
Great American Ball Park
- Shoot the front of the stadium around sunset to get a nice color blue in the sky. Get one of the player statues in your shot for extra effect.
Devou Park
- The overlook next to the Drees pavilion affords a great view of the Cincinnati skyline. Shoot at sunrise or sunset for the best lighting. Underexpose slightly to get the city lights just right.
Newport Central Catholic for fireworks
- Shoot the Riverfest fireworks from this location. Bring a long lens and a tripod. You’ll want a long-ish exposure (5-10 seconds) to capture the bursts, but make sure the skyline isn’t overexposed.
Riverfront Park
- The colorful fountains make a great subject, but you need to use a relatively fast shutter speed (>1/20 or so) to catch the lights before they change color, leaving your pic with plain white lights.
American Sign Museum
- Be sure to bring a tripod to capture all the signs. Manual white balance is the way to go, because there are so many crazy colors of lights that your camera won’t know how to react.

Disclosure: Please refer to our blog disclaimer tab for more information.

Camping Out at Carolina Beach

17 April 201431 August 2024

I met up with some friends for a long weekend during the summer to camp Carolina Beach State Park. We packed up our car with our gear and snacks, reviewed our camping checklist and made the two and a half hour drive from Raleigh.

When we arrived, we found the perfect campsite large enough for two tents and began to unload the car. Driving our posts into the sandy ground, it wasn’t long until we set up camp and enjoyed lunch before setting out to explore. Camping was how my family vacationed when I was growing up, visiting the Ohio state parks to hike, camp and ride our bikes, so I was feeling a little nostalgic.

There are nine miles of easy trails at Carolina Beach State Park. We began our afternoon hiking the “Campground Trail” which was rated an easy hike, one mile in length. The sandy path took us through the camp sites which connected with the Sugarloaf Trail. This extension brought us to the marsh overlook where we spent a few moments exploring the wetlands for birds and wildlife. From here, we found the quarter of a mile Oak Toe Trail for views of the Cape Fear River.

We heard about Fort Fisher located about 20 miles south of Wilmington. We thought it would be a fun experience to access the recreation area by boarding the Southport Ferry. The ride lasted 35 minutes to Pleasure Island where we could explore the Civil War encampment. Fort Fisher was a pivotal battle during the Civil War, fought in the state of North Carolina. Protecting the trade routes, the fort was strategically built along an outlet along Cape Fear, often called the “Southern Gilbraltar”. Built in 1861, it became the largest Confederate Fort sitting on 200 acres and was eventually captured by the Union forces. The site remained abandoned until World War II.

Along the sea face is a fence that surrounds the high mounds along the coast. Its design resembled the Tower of Malakoff at Sevastopol in Russia and was often called “The Tower”. It is said that over 1,000 soldiers and slaves died here during the battle.

Several cannons, which guarded the seacoast, remain fully functional and are fired during special occasions. Each year, the park commemorates the Second Battle of Fort Fisher which took place in January 1865.

We stopped to explore the remains of Fort Fisher.

To the left of the opening in the ground, there were stairs that led up to a cannon at Sheppard’s Battery.

It was a beautiful day to enjoy the fort, setting up camp and hiking Carolina Beach State Park. We had worked up an appetite from all of the hiking and we could not wait to make camper pies and s’mores over a fire.

Have you had the opportunity to visit Carolina Beach State Park and/or Fort Fisher State Historic Site? I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading about my camping trip and visit to Fort Fisher and wishing you many Happy Travels!

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What to See and What to Do:

Fort Fisher State Historic Site
1610 Fort Fisher Blvd. S.
Kure Beach, NC 28449
Telephone: 216 421 7350

Admission Fee: Free
Hours: Open Tuesday – Saturday from 9AM to 5PM; Sunday from 12PM – 5PM (Memorial Day through Labor Day); Closed Monday and most major holidays. .
Amenities: Historical site, museum, guided tours, visitor center, trails, monuments and outdoor exhibits, handicapped accessibility, picnic facilities, gift shop
Length of Visit: 3 hours
Tips for Your Visit: During the summer, there may be mosquitoes so wear bug spray and bring water to stay hydrated.

Where to Stay:

Carolina Beach State Park
1010 State Park Road
Carolina Beach, NC 28428
Telephone: 919 707 9300

Where to Eat:

SeaWitch Cafe
227 Carolina Beach Avenue N
Carolina Beach, NC 28428
Telephone: 910 707 0533

We were hungry for crab and ordered the Carolina crab dip as a starter. When I noticed the grouper sandwich on the menu, I was so excited.

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