Tag Archives: statues

Revealing the Treasures and History of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris

It was a magical moment when I approached the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris as the bells began to toll.  Looking up towards the tall spires of the French Gothic cathedral, I  admired its gorgeous facade.  The statues and decorations reveal an incredible story of history that fascinated me.  It is no surprise that the Cathedrale of Notre Dame is one of the most renowned of all Catholic churches in France.

Notre Dame is dedicated to “Our Lady”, the Virgin Mary and Mother of Christ who, according to Catholicism, intercedes on behalf of those who pray to her.  A statue in the center of the portico depicts Mary presenting the Son of God to the city of Paris, while a pair of angels looked on.

My eyes were drawn to the simple circular window that dates back to 1225 AD.  Each stained glass pane tells the story of the Zodiac and the “Labours of the Months” which were traditionally linked together artistically.   The Labours were common in Medieval and Renaissance artwork that symbolized rural activities that are associated with each month of the year.

As I approached the cathedral, I could not help but notice the three arched entrances with multiple statues and figures.  The Portal of the Last Judgment in the center is the largest and most ornate.   The far right entry is the Portal of St. Anne and to the left, the Portal of the Virgin.  Exploring the many stories and Biblical depictions, I began my exploration of the cathedral with the tale of St. Denis.

St. Denis is credited with bringing Christianity to the ancient town of Parisii, a Roman settlement who worshipped demi-gods.  His mission to convert the pagans enraged the Roman priests and Denis was beheaded.  Ancient tradition claims that Denis stood up and with this head tucked under his arm, began walking north towards Montmartre where he would determine his final resting place at the Mount of Martyrs.  This miraculous story increased the number of Christians in Paris and the pagan temple was soon replaced by a church.

Judgment of the world was a common theme among artists during the Renaissance and the Notre Dame has its own story to tell.  Above the doorway of the central portal, Jesus is shown on his Judgment Throne seated above an angel and demon weighing the souls of man.  While man’s fate hangs in the balance a deceitful demon cheats the scales by adding more weight in hopes to win more souls to the dark side.  The souls of the faithful are lined up on the left as the souls of the condemned are chained and  led away to their demise.  While some of the wicked are blindfolded or carried off unwillingly, one man’s doom comes in the form of a flaming cauldron as he dives in headfirst.

Above the arch yet below the statue of Mary is a row of 28 statues representing the Kings of Judah.   During the time of the French Revolution, the locals mistook these effigies as the much despised kings of France and decided to remove their heads.  A local schoolteacher collected the heads and disposed of them by burying them in his backyard.  For years they remained underground until 1977 when they were discovered and exhumed.  The originals are now on display at nearby Cluny Museum, while the current statues have been restored.

Having studied the façade of Notre Dame, I continued towards the right doorway and reached the entrance into the church.

The cathedral is magnificent with its long central nave measuring 426 feet long leads to the altar.

The beautifully carved columns on each side reach up to ten stories high while the walls are decorated with paintings, sculptures and a row of stained glass windows above the columns.  The arches above look as though they are praying hands while the stained glass windows burst with color as the outside light seeps in.  The minimal light brings forth a cavernous atmosphere of the church as David and I begin our walk towards the altar.

The architecture is truly Gothic known for its simple columns, stone buttresses, stained glass windows and ingenious arches which crisscross to support the roof.  Built in the typical floor plan of a basilica, it resembles a cross, where a crossbeam intersects at the location of the altar.  The ominous size of the cathedral, measuring 157 feet wide can seat up to 10,000 worshipers at a given time. Towards the back are several chapels to explore.

The altar is where the priest conducts Mass and where the sacraments of the Communion are blessed.  Just behind this sacred table is the beautiful Pieta, carved in the 17th century. The two cherubs that flank each side of the sculpture represent the kings Louis XIII and his son, the Sun King, Louis XIV.

Located in the right transept of the cathedral, the statue of Joan of Arc memorializes the young teenage warrior who led her country to protect the city of Paris from the English.  Her allies would later turn against her after hearing her claims that she heard heavenly voices, condemning her to burn at the stake.  Opposite the statue is the only rose window with its original medieval glass.

Located on the back side of the choir walls are beautifully carved scenes from the resurrection of Jesus.  Ahead on the right is the Cathedral Treasure which contains a reliquary housing some of the most important artifacts to include the Crown of Thorns, a fragment of the Holy Cross and one of the Holy Nails from the crucifixion of Christ.

I enjoyed exploring the interior of Notre Dame  couldn’t wait to reach the top of the stairs for scenic views of Paris.  Standing in line for close to 20 minutes, I purchased my ticket and made the trek to the top.  Surrounded by the famous gargoyles, the panorama could not have been more spectacular, with views of the Seine, surrounding neighborhoods of Paris and the Eiffel Tower in the distance.

This ancient cathedral, with its 200 foot tall bell towers,  ornate façade filled with interesting stories, extravagant rose windows and famous gargoyles, there is no doubt why the cathedral of “Our Lady” is France’s most famous church.

Have you visited the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris?  What part of the tour was most memorable for you?  I would love to hear about your experience or answer any of your questions if you would kindly leave a comment below.  Many thanks for reading about my amazing visit to Notre Dame Cathedral and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Cathedrale de Notre Dame
Place du Parvies de Notre-Dame
75004, Paris, France
Telephone:  Cathedral – 01 55 42 50 10;  Tower – 01 53 10 07 00; Crypt – 01 55 42 50 10

  • Admission Fee:   The cathedral is free. The treasury is 3 Euros and a view from the towers is 8.5 Euros.  A visit to the crypt is 6 Euros.
  • Transportation:   Nearest Underground Train Station: Cite, Saint-Michel;  Nearest Bus/Tram Route: 21, 24, 27, 38, 47, 85, 96
  • Hours:   Cathedral  Mon – Fri  8 – 6:45, Sat – Sun 8  – 7:15; closed some religious feast days; Treasure  Mon – Fri  9:30 – 6, Sat  9:30 – 6:30; Sun 1:30 – 6:30.  Tower:  April – September daily 10 – 6:30 (Jul – Aug  Sat – Sun 10 am – 11pm; October – March daily 10 – 5:30.  Archaeological Crypt:  Tues – Sun 10 – 6
  • Amenities:  Additional Information;  Guided tours (free, times vary) audioguide (moderate)
  • Scenic View: A climb to the top of the tower provides extravagant views of Paris, the Seine and the Eiffel Tower in the background.
  • Length of Visit:  2.5 hours to include the cathedral, a trip to the towers and exploring the facade of Notre Dame.
  • Tips for Your Visit:  Be prepared to stand in a long line for a trip to the towers through the left entrance.  There may be a line to enter the cathedral, but in most instances, the line moves quickly.

Where to Stay:

Four Seasons Hotel George V Paris
31 Avenue George V
75008, Paris, France
Telephone:  33 1  49 52 70 00

Where to Eat:

Au Bougnat
26 Rue Chanoinesse
75004 Paris, France
Telephone:  +33 1 43 54 50 74

David and I wanted to share a couple of starters, so we were determined to try duck while in France,  We absolutely loved the terrine with pistachios, foie gras and served with a compote of red onion.  The flavors were earthy and sweet while the pistachios gave the dish an added crunch.  The creamy Veloute mushroom soup and the Burgundy snails were loaded with robust flavors of garlic.  Seasoned with Parmesan shavings, the risotto was perfectly executed served with green asparagus.

What to Eat: 

  • Beef Borgonion is France’s equivalent to a beef stew but better!
  • Fresh Bread from the Boulangerie 
  • Cheese
  • Chocolate Croissants
  • Coq au Vin is an extraordinary French chicken stew
  • Creme Brulee is an egg custard that has been torched on the top to create a crisp layer
  • Crepes are an egg based wrap filled sweet or savory fillings
  • Croque Monsieur or Croque Madame are croissants filled with sweet or savory fillings such as cheese or ham.
  • Duck which is listed as canard on the French menu
  • Escargot
  • French Onion Soup
  • Frites are France’s fancy French fries
  • Frog Legs
  • Frois Gras is a duck pate
  • Macarons are deliciously light airy pastries made from sugar and almond flour
  • Meringues
  • Profiteroles are cream puffs

What to Read: 

  • The Hunchback of Notre Dame, by Victor Hugo
  • The Sun Also Rises, Ernest Hemingway
  • Les Miserable, by Victor Hugo
  • The Life Before Us, by Romain Gary
  • All the Light we cannot see, by Anthony Doerr
  • Suite Francaise by Irene Nemirovsky
  • Perfume by Patrick Suskind

Photo Guide for Paris: 

  • Avenue des Champs Elysses for street scenes and upscale restaurants and hotels
  • Eiffel Tower for fabulous views of the city
  • Galeries Lafayette Haussmann for gorgeous architecture
  • Jardin du Luxembourg for nature
  • The Louvre for art and architecture
  • Montemartre for the art scene and architecture
  • Notre Dame Cathedral for amazing views
  • Paris Bird and Flower Market for interesting people watching
  • Paris Metro for street scenes
  • Sacre Coeur for sunsets and panoramic views
  • Saint Michel and the Latin Quarter for street scenes

The Rose Window on the South Side of the Cathedral

Royalty at its Finest at Windsor Castle

Our tour bus arrived in the regal town of Windsor and parked near the train station before we stumbled out into the winter chill.  Located thirty miles west of London, Windsor Castle overlooks the fertile Berkshire landscape of England and its battlements can be seen from miles around.  One of three magnificent residences of London’s royal family, Windsor Castle, has been inhabited by the rulers of England for nearly a millennium.

Our guide directed us to an upstairs shopping center with coffee shops, cafes and shopping boutiques crowded with visitors from the morning tour of the castle.  Couples sitting across from each other at intimate tables designed for two were enjoying a bite to eat while discussing their plans for what remained of the day.   I found myself desperately trying to keep up with the tour, winding through a maze of strangers until I was deposited at the opposite end of the Windsor Royal Shops located across the street from the royal residence.

The cobblestone streets led to an unexpected view of the castle.  The muted colors of the grey sarsen stone and deep red wooden accents have, over the years, replaced William the Conqueror’s original castle built in 1080.   Today, it is the official residence of the Queen of England and is hailed as Britain’s oldest continually inhabited royal home.   Atop of one of the towers was a  tiny clock with a black face and golden Roman numerals preparing us for the start of the next tour.

William built the fortress to guard London against enemies approaching from the west.  Small slits at the base of each tower protected the castle’s defenders as they shot arrows toward invaders who dared to attempt an attack.

Advancing towards the entrance to Windsor Castle, we noticed brick buildings and pastel covered storefronts ahead housing a museum, banks, shops and pubs with fish and chips.  A bronze statue of Queen Victoria stood in the center of Peascod Street where we made a left.  Up a mild slope, reaching a small set of stairs, we happened upon the ticket counter designated for groups and took our place in line.

Within minutes, we were shackled with wrist bands and audio tour devices.  We departed the waiting area where we were met with more cobblestone streets and an archway that pointed us in the direction of the castle.

Recognized as the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world, Windsor Castle includes 1,000 rooms.  I learned that the castle has been home to eight successive royal houses and was the primary childhood home of Queen Elizabeth II and considers it her favorite residence.  My entrance fee allowed me access to the grounds of the castle as well as the staterooms, Queen Mary’s Doll House display and St. George’s Chapel.  During my visit, I would have the opportunity to tour the Great Kitchen, witness the Changing of the Guard and explore the various monarch tombs in the chapel.

Before arranging the logistics to my tour to Windsor Castle, I learned that my cousin, Jim Ambuske, PhD was honored as one of the few American historians selected to review the historical documents of King George III.   He was incredibly helpful with a list of shops and pubs to visit while I was in Windsor.  Queen Elizabeth II had recently announced that she would allow access to these precious artifacts which included letters, journal entries and personal belongings of the King.   King George III reigned over Britain from 1760 to 1820 and made vast improvements to Windsor Castle transforming it into its current picturesque “Gothic” style, Georgian architecture.  I pictured my cousin sitting in the Round Tower reviewing documents and private royal possessions that had been locked away in the Royal Archives for over 200 years.

During the audio tour, I enjoyed learning many interesting facts about Windsor Castle, its history and the royal families that have lived here nearly 1,000 years.  The land on which the castle stands was once owned by Harold Godwinson who used the land as a hunting ground.  The original castle stood on a 50 foot motte, an artificial hill of dirt where the castle was built and had a 13 acre bailey, a courtyard located within the walls of the castle.  Where the Round Tower stands today, William constructed a wooden keep located at the castle’s most central location acting as its inner stronghold.

Many kings at Windsor Castle have contributed to the expansion and renovations of the castle resulting in the magnificent architectural beauty that remains today.

In 1347, Edward III began a major rebuilding program to expand the castle but it was Charles II’s 130,000 pound restoration that would include the addition of new state apartments, and alterations to St. George’s Hall and the King’s Chapel.    What remains of Charles II’s 1670s renovations can be seen in the King’s Dining Room and in the Queen’s Presence and Audience Changes.  My favorite addition to the castle’s landscape are the beautiful elms of the Long Walk, a 3-mile route that begins at the south entrance of the Castle to Windsor Great Park.

George III enlarges the Queen’s Lodge, George IV employs the assistance of Sir Jeffry Wyatville for another remodel project and Edward VII brings electricity to the castle in the early 20th century.  

Passing through the King Henry VIII gate, is one of the most significant additions to the castle, St. George’s Chapel.  Founded by Edward IV in 1475, this gorgeous Gothic structure was completed by Henry VIII in 1528 and would become the burial place for no less than 10 monarchs.

St. George’s Chapel was built as a burial chamber for Edward IV to replace the former house of worship, built on the premises.  Most visitors will agree that it is one of the most fascinating examples of late Gothic architecture and is a highlight of one’s visit to Windsor Castle.

Approaching the entrance to St. George’s Chapel, my eyes are drawn to the pinnacles above the flying buttresses.  The seventy-six carved figures are the Queen’s Beasts, representing the Royal Supporters of England.  These animal statues include the lion of England, the red dragon of Wales, the panther of Jane Seymour, the falcon of York, the black bull of Clarence, the yale of Beaufort, the white lion of Mortimer, the greyhound of Richmond the white hart of Richard II, the silver antelope of Bohun, the black dragon of Ulster, the white swan of Hereford, the unicorn of Edward II and the golden hind of Kent.

Inside, the windows allow the light to illuminate the marble floors and the luxurious artwork covering the walls.  The highlights of my visit include the West Window with stained glass images of 75 saints, popes and royal family  members, the tomb of Henry VIII and the brilliant multi-dimensional architecture of the chapel’s ceiling, displaying the Banners of the Knights of the Garter.

The first Round Tower of Windsor Castle was built of wood by William the Conqueror atop the Norman motte.  Offering spectacular views of the River Thames, it was the perfect outpost for the defense of the castle.  The current stone structure of the Round Tower was built by Henry II in 1170 and today houses the Royal Archives and Photographic Collection.

In 2011, the Round Tower was open to the public for tours, having been closed to visitors since 1975.  For a limited time in the summer months, the “Conquer the Tower” tour includes a visit to the cannonade at the base of the tower which was an added defense for the castle during Medieval times.  Ticket holders will be able to climb the 200 steps to the top of the Round Tower for a spectacular view of the London skyline and a close up view of the flagpole which displays the Royal Standard when the Queen is in residence or the Union Flag when she is not.

Located on the Upper Ward of Windsor Castle, surrounding the upper bailey, are the State Apartments and private apartments of the Royal Family.  Known for their exquisite interiors, these rooms were renovated by Charles II to rival the gorgeous quarters of King Louis XIV’s Versailles.  The King’s Dining Room, the Queen’s Presence Chamber and Audience Chamber are what remain of Charles II’s contribution to the Apartments, where ceilings were painted by Antonio Verrio and wood carvings created by Grinling Gibbons.

Queen Elizabeth took on the transformation of Windsor Castle’s State Apartments including St. George’s Hall after a devastating fire in 1992.  While some areas were restored to their original magnificence, the Octagon Dining Room, Lantern Lobby and St. George’s Hall were renovated to reflect the Queen’s preferences.

I was so excited to explore my final exhibit on my tour of Windsor Castle, Queen Mary’s Doll House.  Designed by Sir Edwin Luutyens in 1924, this exquisite dollhouse is the largest, most extravagant, most famous dollhouse in the world.  Built in the Palladian style, the house represented an Edwardian townhouse with running water, electricity and working elevators.  Luutyens received contributions from over 1500 artists and designers to furnish the house which included all of the luxuries one could imagine, including a fully stocked wine cellar containing genuine vintage wine.

Queen Mary’s Doll House is incredibly impressive with its elaborate miniature furnishings, architecture and interior design.  Standing three feet tall, each room was decorated with only the finest and most modern products available in the early 20th century.  While the carpets and curtains match Windsor Castle, I can’t help but notice the grand piano, monogrammed towels, the vacuum cleaner and a garage with fully functioning automobiles.  After returning home, I learned about a book written by Vita Sackville-West, A Note of Explanation, a children’s story about the adventures of a sprite that inhabits the dollhouse.

With only a half an hour left before boarding the bus, I set aside time to visit the royal gift shop and stroll through the shopping plaza for some coffee and a small bite to eat.  I purchased a Corgi and a commemorative plate from the Queen’s 90th birthday at Buckingham Palace and opted to pick up a sandwich and tea for the road.  Stonehenge, here we come!

Have you had the opportunity to visit Windsor Castle?  What fun places did you visit? Was there a restaurant or shop that you enjoyed?  I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below.  Many thanks for reading about my exciting day in Windsor and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do: 

Windsor Castle
Windsor, Berkshire, UK SL4 1NJ

  • Admission Fee:  £21.20 for adults (18 – 59); £13.30  for children ages 5 -17; children for and under are free; Seniors (60+)  are £19.30
  • Hours:  November 1 to February 28: Open from 10AM to 4:15PM (3PM is the last admission); March 1 – October 31:  Open from 10AM to 5:15PM (4PM is the last admission); Check the website for special closures
  • Amenities:  a multimedia guide is available in English, French, German, Spanish , Italian, Japanese, Brazilian Portuguese, Russian and Mandarin, museum, gift shop, restrooms, special events
  • Length of Visit:  2.5 – 3 hours
  • Tips for Your Visit:  Wear comfortable shoes for walking.  The busiest time is morning and early afternoon, so it is suggested to arrive after midday.  Photographs are not permitted within St. George’s Chapel or the State Apartments. Re-entry permits are available should you plan on returning to the site throughout the day

Where to Stay:

Sir Christopher Wren
Thames Street
Windsor, Berkshire, UK  SL4 1PX
Telephone: +44 1753 442400

Enjoy dinner along the Thames River!  This charming boutique hotel is located in the heart of Windsor and offers free Wifi, a conference center and access to the Wren Club with a gym, Jacuzzi, sauna, and spa treatments!

Where to Eat:

Macdonald Compleat Angler Hotel
Marlow Bridge
Bisham, Marlow, UK  SL7 1RG
Telephone:   +44 344 879 9128

Another gorgeous restaurant for riverside dining!

The Fox and Hounds Restaurant and Bar
Bishopsgate Road
Englefiel Green, Egham, UK  TW20 0XU
Fish Fridays and dogs are welcome everyday!  Open for breakfast, lunch and dinner.

What to Eat: 

  • Bacon Sandwich consists of a generous amount of bacon between two pieces of bread seasoned with ketchup
  • Bangers and Mash are otherwise known as sausages and mashed potatoes
  • Beef Wellington
  • Bread Pudding
  • Fish and Chips
  • Full English Breakfast which includes sausages, eggs, beans, toast, hash browns, tomatoes, black pudding and much more
  • Haggis, Neeps and Tatties are comprised  of sheep’s heart, liver and lungs cooked with oatmeal, onions, spices and stock.  The neeps and tatties are turnips and potatoes
  • Spotted Dick is a pastry of dried fruits served with a custard
  • Steak and Kidney Pie is a filling of steak and beans inside of a pastry
  • Sticky Toffee Pudding
  • Sunday Roast

What to Read: 

  • The Uncommon Reader, by Alan Bennett
  • Revengeful Death, Jennie Melville
  • George VI by Denis Judd
  • Death at Windsor Castle, by C. C. Benison

Photo Guide for Windsor: 

  • The City of Windsor
  • Windsor Castle

A Rick Steves Tour of London, England

The train arrived on time at the Underground Terminal of Westminster Station.  Most everyone departed making their way onto the platform, riding escalators and taking stairs to the busy world above.  I had not yet reached the Thames River, but my heart was pounding in anticipation as I exited the tunnel and the view opened up providing me a glimpse of London’s South Bank.

With its spectacular museums, lavish gardens, notorious theaters and exuberant history, London’s cosmopolitan style and attitude attracts over 27 million visitors each year and is home to over 8 million.

Under the suggestion of Rick Steves, I began my exploration of London at Westminster following the Westminster Walk from his Best European City Walks & Museums guide.  Next, I will visit a couple of museums, take the bus tour around the city and if I have time, cruise down the river Thames.  Earlier that morning, I walked to the Gloucester Road Station to purchase my pass.  The front desk attendant suggested that I stop by The Shard for a spectacular view of the city, which I hoped to fit into my schedule later in the day.

I had plenty of British Pounds to purchase a full day pass which allowed me unlimited rides on the Tube for zones 1 & 2.  I fed the machine and confirmed that I was heading westbound for the Westminster stop.

The “Underground” was not as busy as I had expected at 6:30 AM.  The train approached, opened its sliding doors and reminded passengers to “Mind the Gap” before taking their seats.  I found a spot next to a young mother with her little boy in a stroller, who was eating his morning breakfast.  It was a busy work day with full compartment of business suits and backpacks.  I counted the five stops before hopping off the train and was feeling a sense of excitement to explore London having just read the book, War of the Roses.

The exit led me up to a set of stairs where I found the statue of Boadicea to my right.  She was queen of the Iceni tribe who led an uprising against the Roman Empire in the first century AD.  An unobstructed view of the Parliament buildings as well as Elizabeth Tower stood to the north.  Soaking in my surroundings from the Westminster Bridge, I admired the London Eye, the Thames River and the London Bridge in the distance.

Elizabeth Tower (lovingly named after the current Queen of England) stood shining in the morning sunlight and I waited in anticipation to hear Big Ben toll at the hour.  The structure stands 320 feet high and is connected to the Parliament Buildings, the central meeting places for the British Government.  For years, since the 11th century, when King Canute built a palace here, the Royal Family lived at Parliament until they relocated to Buckingham Palace.

Along the banks of the Thames is the London Eye, built in 2000 and standing 443 feet tall.  There are 32 capsules which hold 26 visitors in each car.  On a clear day, the views from this attraction can reach as far as 26 miles.  The ride from start to finish takes approximately thirty minutes.

I felt a bitter cold wind off of the Thames gently pushing me towards Parliament Square, located across the street from Westminster Abbey.  This quiet park, without a bird to be seen, was lined with statues of both famous Brits like Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George as well as notable world leaders, such as Abraham Lincoln, Mahatma Gandhi and Nelson Mandela.  I followed the stone corridor of this lovely park where I found the gorgeous rosette stained glass window of the infamous Westminster Abbey ahead of me.

One of London’s most precious jewels, not only because of its spectacular architecture but its glorious history, is Westminster Abbey.  Edward the Confessor founded the abbey and it is London’s oldest and most important church.  For over ten centuries, the cathedral has been the location for a host of coronations, royal weddings and funerals.  In 1997, Princess Diana’s funeral was held at Westminster Abbey where it was estimated over 3 million were in attendance for the funeral procession, while Will and Kate were married here on April 29th 2011.

Following my map to find Whitehall Street, I realized I had come full circle when I noticed the Westminster public subway stop.  My current route led me to many of London’s government buildings such as the Royal Navy Headquarters and the Ministry of Finance.  Colorful pubs occupied corner spaces along the route and the crowds were starting to grow.

In the distance, I noticed a collection of three monuments, one positioned in the middle of Whitehall.   On the towering white memorial made of marble, is a cenotaph honoring the brave men and women who died during the two Great Wars.   Each year, in November, the Royal Family attends the Remembrance Day service which takes place around this “Glorious Dead” monument.

The large, white, Greek-style structure that occupies a block along Whitehall was once a part of the palatial estate of Henry VIII and the location of King Charles’ execution.  Henry VIII moved out of his Palace of Westminster residence (Parliament) and built this grandiose building which, at one time, extended from Trafalgar Square to Elizabeth’s Tower.  The 1698 fire destroyed most of Henry’s opulent structure, but what remained is the Banqueting House of Whitehall Palace.

Continuing my walk towards Trafalgar Square, I noticed that the Horse Guard station was empty, and within minutes I stood in front of the 170 foot column supporting the statue of Admiral Horatio Nelson.  Credited for his leadership during World War II and the defeat at Waterloo, he died a heroic death in battle.

The square was alive with tourists and commuters passing through to reach their destination.  A line formed at the entrance of the National Museum which had not yet opened.  Attempting to climb one of the four bronze lions, a group of teenagers disregarded the warning signs and placards, capturing photos with their cellular devices.   A light mist of spray clings to my coat and kisses my face as I pass a fountain eager to find the ticket office for the Hop On/Hop Off bus.  A perfect mode of transportation for the day, the double-decker is a quick option for touring of London.  Bringing me back to Trafalgar Square, I will have time to indulge in more attractions, sites and pubs which are waiting to be explored.

Have you had the opportunity to visit London?  Which guidebooks and resources did you reference?  Let me know about your visit by providing a message in the comments section below.  Many thanks for reading about my walking tour of Westminster in London and wishing you many Happy Travels!

Where to Stay:

The Ambassadors Hotel
16 Collingham Road
Kensington, SW5 0LX
London, United Kingdom
Telephone:  +44 20 7373 1075
Photo Credit:  Ambassadors Hotel London

 

Where to Eat:

Earl’s Court Tavern
Taylor Walker
187 Earl’s Court Road
London, SW5 9RL
United Kingdom
Telephone:  +44 20 7370 2760

Walking Tour Resources: 

Best European City Walks & Museums guide, by Rick Steves

London Telephone Booth

The Piazzas, Museums and Fountains of Rome

Using my Omnia Roma Pass for the second day, I boarded the Hop On Hop Off bus to visit some of the highlights of the Roman neighborhoods.  The Vatican Museum was not yet open, so I started touring the north end of Rome.  I had a few hours before heading towards the Port of Civitavecchia for a seven day Mediterranean cruise.

+027-0925 The Spanish Steps

A short walk from the Piazza del Popolo, I arrived at the Spanish Steps where I took a seat on a step to review my map.  I found myself distracted by the people around me, but it was a great spot to check out the tourists in the piazza.

The Spanish Steps are popular with both locals and tourists alike.  They were designed in the 17th century to connect the Trinita dei Monti to the Piazza di Spagna below.  Francesco de Sanctis was commissioned to design the steps that would one day become one of the most recognized landmarks in Rome.  The platforms along the staircase provide great views of Via Condotti in the shopping district.  The obelisk of red granite Sallustian stands 43 feet high in front of the church from one of these platforms as well.  For a more spectacular view of Rome, tour books highly recommend a climb up the bell tower inside of the Trinita del Monti.

+028-9 Rome - Vatican Room of Statues

The ruins of Rome are a perfect outdoor museum in itself, but I have always wanted to view the art and archaeological items within the Vatican Museum.  Displaying artifacts from over hundreds of years, the inventory was overwhelming and extraordinary.  At minimum, I knew I was going to need at least a couple of hours to spend here.

The crowd was thick, pushing me from room to room until I reached the grand finale, Michelangelo’s Sistine Chapel!

+029-4 Rome - The Market at Campo di Fiori

After having spent about three hours at the Vatican Museum with my thoughts on the Sistine Chapel, I knew it was time for lunch.  Since Rome is a maze of unique squares that have a personality of their own, I was looking forward to finding the Campo di Fiore. Translated as the “field of flowers”, this piazza is one of the most colorful squares of Rome and was once a meadow where merchants sold their products.  Since the Medieval Period, the Campo di Fiori remains to this day a lively market and meeting place.

+030-0925 Photo of Lunch at Campo di Fiori

Several restaurants border the Campo di Fiori and offer several options for a light lunch.  I ordered a glass of Prosecco and the Margarita pizza.  I found myself daydreaming  and was caught unaware when my meal arrived so quickly.  I couldn’t wait to try a slice!

+032-0925 Souvenier Stands in Rome

Throughout Rome are souvenir stalls which sell local maps, bus and train tickets, snacks, postcards and tourist information. In contrast to the ancient ruins, it is a modern day necessity.

+034-0925 Exit from The Roman Forum

Back on the bus, I am quickly transported back in time to the entrance of the Roman Forum.  This area of Rome was at its peak during the Roman Republic when Julius Caesar was emperor.  A set of stairs leads to the Arch of Titus, erected to commemorate the Roman victory over Judea in AD 66.   The Forum is the core of the Roman Empire, where decisions were made, deals were struck and death was an everyday occurrence.

+035-15 0923 Arch of Constantinople

To the left of the Arch of Titus is the famous Arch of Constantine which leads into Palatine Hill.  The Hill was Rome’s first settlement and was the home of Rome’s founders Romulus and Remus.

The arch’s portico tells the story of Constantine’s Battle of the Milvian Bridge in 312 AD.  Constantine claimed that he had a vision from God which led to his victory.  He swore to legalize Christianity and give his support to Christians.

+038-0925 The Colosseum

Another important site in Rome is the Flavian Amphitheater, more commonly known as the Colosseum.  After the brutal reign of Nero, it was Vespasian who commissioned the amphitheater as a gift to the Romans.  This massive structure could hold up to 55,000 spectators and was built with 80 entrances to allow attendees to find their seats in a record time of 15 minutes.

Rome, Italy,

With only a couple of hours before hailing a taxi to the port, I strolled over towards the Roman Forum for a closer view of the Basilica of Constantine and Maxentius.  The three arches are all that remain of the largest building on display in the Forum.  The basilica was the central location where the government’s legal and administrative duties were performed.

Trevi Fountain

One final ride on the bus and I have arrived at the Trevi Fountain before taking the subway back to the hotel. This fountain is Rome’s largest and most famous.  I took my first glimpse of Neptune rising out of the water with two Tritons and their sea horses and I could not look away.  The sculpture is larger than life and the intricate detail and scale of this monolith is nothing less than awesome.  I completed my day in Rome by throwing a coin in the fountain, and if the tradition is true, I will one day return to this magnificent place!

Have you ever visited a place that was so exciting but you just couldn’t find the time to see all of the sites?  Let me know in the comments section below about your experience and how you handled it!  I would also love to hear about your adventures in Rome, any recommendations or suggestions for my next visit!  Many thanks for reading about my weekend in Rome and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Trinita dei Monti
Piazza della Trinità dei Monti, 3, 00187 Roma RM, Italy
Telephone:  +39 06 679 4179

  • Admission Fee:  There is no fee to enter the church, but a small offering is suggested.
  • Hours:  The church is open  from 10AM to 8PM on Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday; open from noon to 8PM on Wednesday and from 9AM to 8PM on Saturday.
  • Guided Tours: Guided tours are provided on the first and third Wednesday of each month at 5PM.  Reservation is required and there is a fee associated with the tour:  Adults are 12 Euro, Students and Children ages 12 – 18 are 6 Euros and Children under the age of 11 are free of charge.
  • Scenic View:  Beautiful views of the plaza and the Via Condotti from the top of the steps leading up to the church.
  • Length of Visit:  1 – 2 hours
  • Tips for Your Visit:   There are several steps (the Spanish Steps lead up to the church, so wear comfortable shoes.  Dress appropriately covering your shoulders and knees as you may be denied entrance if not covered up.  A small offering may be requested so be prepared.

Vatican Museum
00120 Vatican City
Telephone:  +390669881022

  • Admission Fee:  17 Euros to visit the Vatican Museum and Sistine Chapel independently.  For additional types of tours, visit the website directly.
  • Hours:  The museum is open Monday to Saturday from 9AM to 6PM  (final entry at 4PM); Every last Sunday of the month, the museum is open from 9AM to 2PM.
  • Guided Tours: A long list of guided tours are available and can be researched on the website listed above.
  • Scenic View:  Beautiful views of Rome from the various balconies; amazing artifacts and ancient relics as well as artwork in the Sistine Chapel.
  • Length of Visit:  5 – 6 hours
  • Tips for Your Visit:   If visiting the museum independently, purchase your tickets in advance.  Be aware that the museum is very crowded when the cruise ships are in port.

Roman Forum
Via della Salara Vecchia, 5/6
00186 Roma RM, Italy
Telephone; +39 06 0608

  • Admission Fee:  12 Euros per adult, children under the age of 17 are free;  The Admission Fee includes entrance into the Palatine Hill and the Colosseum.
  • Bus/Train Information:  Buses 40, 44, 84, 780 and 810;  Metro Station – Colosseo, line B- (blue)
  • Hours:  Open daily from 8:30AM to 3:30PM (closed January 1st and December 25th)  The ticket counter closes one hour before closing time.  Confirm with the Roman Forum’s website:  https://turisimoroma.it/cosa-fare/fori
  • Amenities:  audio headsets, tour guides (additional charge)
  • Audio Guides and Guided Tours:  Audio guides are available for a nominal fee.
  • Length of the Tour:  2 – 3 hours total
  • Tips for Your Visit:  Your ticket to the Roman Forum includes The Colosseum and Palatine Hill.  For security reasons, it is strictly forbidden to enter the attraction with backpacks, camping equipment, bulky bags, luggage or trolley.  Medium and small-sized backpacks are permitted, but may be screened by metal detectors.  Bags may also be opened and visually inspected by security.  Wear comfortable shoes and bring your water bottle to refill at the drinking fountains.

Colosseum/Flavian Amphitheater
Piazza del Colosseo, 1
00184 Roma RM, Italy

  • Admission Fee:  12 Euros per adult, children under the age of 17 are free;  The Admission Fee includes entrance into Palatine Hill and the Roman Forum.  Additional fee for a guided tour of the underground.  All guests are FREE the first Sunday of the month.
  • Hours:  Open daily from 8:30AM to 3:30PM (closed January 1st and December 25th)  The ticket counter closes one hour before closing time.  Confirm with the Colosseum’s website:  www.the-colosseum.net/around/visit.htm
  • Amenities:  audio headsets, tour guides (additional charge), bookstore
  • Audio Guides and Guided Tours:  Audio guides are available for a nominal fee.
  • Length of the Tour:  2 – 3 hours total (another hour for the underground tour)
  • Tips for Your Visit:  The Colosseum is the most visited attraction in Rome. While the ticket line may be long, you may want to consider purchasing your ticket at the Palatine Hill as your ticket also includes entrance into the Roman Forum and the Palatine Hill, located next door. For security reasons, it is strictly forbidden to enter the attraction with backpacks, camping equipment, bulky bags, luggage or trolley.  Medium and small-sized backpacks are permitted, but must be screened by metal detectors.  Bags will be opened and visually inspected by security.  Due to new security measures it is necessary to arrive at least 30 minutes before collecting your reservation at the ticket counter.   Wear comfortable shoes and bring your water bottle where you can fill it with water.

Palatine Hill
Via di San Gregorio, 30
00184, Roma, RM, Italy

  • Admission Fee:  12 Euros per adult, children under the age of 17 are free;  The Admission Fee includes entrance into the Roman Forum and the Colosseum.
  • Hours:  Open daily from 8:30AM to 3:30PM (closed January 1st and December 25th)  The ticket counter closes one hour before closing time.  Confirm with the Colosseum’s website:  https://www.romaexperience.com/palatine-hill/
  • Amenities:  audio headsets, tour guides (additional charge), bookstore
  • Audio Guides and Guided Tours:  Audio guides are available for a nominal fee.
  • Length of the Tour:  2 – 3 hours total
  • Tips for Your Visit:  The Colosseum is the most visited attraction in Rome. Your ticket also includes entrance into the Palatine Hill, located next door. For security reasons, it is strictly forbidden to enter the attraction with backpacks, camping equipment, bulky bags, luggage or trolley.  Medium and small-sized backpacks are permitted, but must be screened by metal detectors.  Bags will be opened and visually inspected by security.   Wear comfortable shoes and bring your water bottle to refill at the drinking fountains and think about bringing a picnic to enjoy on the grounds.

Hop On/Hop Off Bus

Where to Stay:

Courtyard Rome Central Park
Via Giuseppe Mosacti 7
Rome 01168 Italy
Telephone:  +39 06 355741

Where to Eat:

Antico Caffe del Teatro di Marcelo
Via del Teatro de Marcelo, 42 00186
Rome, Italy
Telephone:  +39 06 678 5451

I ordered a margarita panini and it was fabulous!  Check out their facebook page!

What to Eat: 

  • Artichokes:  steamed or fried
  • Cacio e Pepe:  Cacio is a type of cheese from Rome’s countryside made from sheep’s milk.  The dish is served over pasta and seasoned by black pepper.
  • Carbonara: creamy white pasta served with pancetta and noodles
  • Gelato:  You have not had gelato until you have had it in Rome!
  • Maritozzi is a popular breakfast pastry with chocolate chips served with espresso.  Some maritozzi are filled with cream as well.
  • Pecorino Romano cheese
  • Pizza al Taglio is Rome’s answer to pizza with red sauce, meats, vegetables and cheeses.   I also love the Italian margarita pizza with red sauce, mozzarella cheese and topped with basil.
  • Porcetta:  Pork wrapped around herbs and roasted on a spit
  • Saltimbocca is a dish made with veal and sage wrapped in prosciutto, cooked in white wine and butter.
  • Suppli is considered an Italian snack made of rice and meat with tomato sauce and filled with mozzarella cheese and then deep-fried.  It reminds me of arancini in the US.

Where to Drink:

Il Goccetto (for wine)
Via dei Banchi Vecchi, 14
00186, Roma RM, Italy
Telephone:  +39 06 9944 8583

Terrazza Borromini
Via di Santa Maria dell’Anima, 30A
00186 Roma RM, Italy
Telephone:  +39 06 6821 5459

While the drinks are pricey, it will be worth the cost for the fabulous views.

What to Read:

  • Imperium, by Robert Harris
  • Roma, by Steven Saylor
  • SPQR, by Mary Beard
  • The Twelve Caesars, by Robert Grave

Photo Guide for Rome:

  • Campo de’ Fiori for photos of the market
  • The Colosseum
  • Monti for upscale boutiques, restaurants and vintage stores
  • The Pincio Terrace overlooking Piazza del Popolo in northern Rome
  • The top of St. Peter’s Basilica
  • Trastevere neighborhood for scenic alleyways, artisan workshops, the piazza at sunset, and tiny boutiques.  Find the corner of Vicolo delle Torro off of Via della Lungaretta for photo-worthy pics.
  • Trevi Fountain

A Masterpiece of Athens Architecture, The Acropolis

 

DSC_0924, Athens, Greece, Acropolis

First inhabited by the Mycenaeans, the Acropolis (acro, meaning high and polis, meaning city), towers 490 feet over the city of Athens.  Strategically positioned on a large boulder of limestone, the ancient, hilltop citadel has been in existence for over 3500 years.  Acting as both a fortress and place of worship over the years, it is the symbol of Athens and represents the classical civilization of Greek.   The main structures of the Acropolis include the Temple of Athena Nike, the Parthenon, the Erechtheion and the Propylaia, many of which were completed during the Golden Age of Pericles.  This inconceivable scale of buildings have been in a constant state of renovation since 1975.

DSC_0926 - Closer to the Acropolis

The Acropolis is only accessible by its western end.  This was once the entrance of the Acropolis during the Hekatombaion  celebration to the goddess Athena.  It was here that the Greeks built a sanctuary in her honor which included a colossal bronze statue of the goddess, designed and built by Pheidias.

DSC_0929, Panorama Dionysus Theater

The Odeon of Herodes Atticus is located close to the entrance to the Acropolis.  It is also known as the Herodeon and “Yanni’s Theater”.  It was constructed between 160 and 170AD by Herodes Atticus, a Greek aristocrat as well as a Roman senator.   While this magnificent structure shows the grandeur of Greek architecture, its phenomenal staircases and mosaics are no longer visible.

The 5,000 seat (34 tiers) amphitheater functions as a venue for various modern cultural events such as festivals and concerts:  Frank Sinatra – 1962;  The Miss Universe pageant – 1973;   Luciano Pavarotti  – 1991 and 2004;  But the most remembered concert was Yanni’s Live at the Acropolis in 1993.   Sting, Elton John, Liza Minnelli, Diana Ross, Jean Michel Jarre, and a long list of Greek entertainers have also performed here over the years.

DSC_0930, Beule Gate

Upon reaching the Acropolis, visitors will enter the Beule Gate built by Flavius Septimus Marcellinus in AD 280.   During Roman times, this was the official entrance to the Acropolis.

DSC_0937 - The Propylaia

After passing through the gate, a brief climb heads towards the Propylaea, which is quite steep.  Propylaea means “gates in front of something”. This was the entrance into the Acropolis during the Golden Age of Athens.  It was originally decorated with statues and painted in bright colors with a marble tiled ceiling painted sky blue adorned with stars. Each year, the people of Athens would climb these steps to celebrate the Hekatombaion (1st of the month in the day of the summer, usually July), to sacrifice 100 oxen to the goddess Athena.  To the left, the Propylaia housed artwork and provided accommodations for dignitaries and important visitors called the Pinacoteca.    The grey, stone, 25 foot pedestal (pictured to the left) is the Monument of Agrippa.  This platform once displayed a bronze statue of the four-horse chariot driven by the chariot race winner in 178 BC.   According to archaeologists, this gate is actually concealing the Mycenean Palace gate that was erected here around the 5th century.    This central walkway, continuing into the Acropolis, is named the Panathenaic Way.

DSC_0933, Temple of Nike, Athens

Kallikrates designed the Temple of Athena Nike in Ionic style between 427 and 424 BC.  It replaced the former sanctuary that was destroyed by the Persians in 479BC.   The interior of the building held a wooden statue of Athena Nike holding a pomegranate in one hand and a helmet in the other.  After the statue’s wings were broken, the temple became known as the Temple of Wingless Athena Nike (Nike Apteros, the Wingless Victory).   The relief sculptures and Ionic columns are well-preserved.

DSC_0943, Erechtheion

Through the Propylaea is a vast field of stone ruins.  Long ago, there was a bronze statue of Athena that once stood in this area as well as the original of Temple of Athena Polis.    The bronze statue was moved from this location to Constantinople and the temple was burned down by the Persians under the reign of Xerxes in 480 BC as retaliation against the Athenians for destroying one of their temples in Sardis years before.

DSC_0816

The Parthenon is the most recognized structure on the Acropolis and the largest measuring 228 feet long by 101 feet wide.  This Doric-style creation was designed by Phidias, a sculptor and two architects, Iktinos and Kallikrates back in the fifth century BC (440s).  The building was constructed of the finest Pentelic marble from Mount Penteliko and was once the greatest temple of its time.  The 22,000 tons of precious marble was extravagantly painted in various colors, not the white marble you see here.  Many architects have marveled at the complex design of this temple.  It has served as a Christian church as well as a mosque and has been in a state of renovation for many years.   Above the columns you can see the metatopes, the marble that sits atop the columns.  The metatopes acted as bases for the pediments (triangular structure) which contained statues depicting mythical scenes of Athena.   Inside of the Parthenon, there was a large statue of Athena, which sat on the large socket that remains in the floor of the Parthenon.

DSC_0942, The Women on the Erechtheion

The Erechtheion, located across from the Parthenon, was built in 406BC to replace the original temple that had once stood in the middle of the acropolis.  It has been thought that its purpose was a place of worship for Erechtheus, the celebrated king of Athens and other significant gods.   It is known to have included altars to Athena Polias, the protector of the city as well as Hephaistos, the god of blacksmiths and fire.

DSC_0838

But it is the Caryatid Porch, the columns of six maidens, that is the most recognizable feature of this structure. The porch was the landing where the priestesses would stand to watch the procession of people and oxen during the annual Hekatombaion celebration.  The original Caryatids can be found in the Acropolis Museum.   Notice the olive tree to the left of the Erechtheion which is said to have been a descendant to the one that Athena planted.

DSC_0934, Looking Down from the Acropolis to Mars Hill

A phenomenal view from the Acropolis is the Areopagus, a limestone rock which was once a place of judicial rulings for the Athenians.  Several notable trials were conducted here, including the trial of Orestes for the murder of his mother, Clytemnestra.

DSC_0769

To view the sculptures and fragments from the Parthenon as well as the original Caryotids and replicas of the Elgin Marbles, visit the Acropolis Museum.  It can be seen here in the distance (the dark glass windowed building) from the south parapet.

DSC_0947 - Greek Flag

A Greek flag flies high at the outer edge of the Acropolis.   The tour guide explained the significance of this flag.  It represents a historical event that occurred after the German invasion during World War II.   It was told that German troops ordered that the Greek flag be replaced with the swastika after it had conquered Greece.   During this time Greek soldiers would stand guard of their country’s flag and were responsible for the raising and lowering of if each day.   On this very day, the Greek soldier on guard, lowered the Greek flag, wrapped it around himself and jumped over the parapet to his death.  It would be a story that reached the citizens of Greece and would mark the beginning of the Greek resistance towards the Germans.  A perfect example of the Greeks’ resilience and their nationalism…their strength to forge ahead.

Have you visited the spectacular city of Athens?  I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below!  Many thanks for reading about my day in Athens and wishing you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do: 

Acropolis
Athens 105 58, Greece

Where to Stay:

Divani Palace Acropolis
Parthenonos 19
Athens, 117 42  Greece
Telephone:  +30 21 0928 0100

Where to Eat: 

To Kafeneio
Epicharmou 1, Plaka
Athens, Attiki, 105 51  Greece

What to Eat:

    • Baklava is layers of phyllo dough filled with nuts, spices and sweetened with honey
    • Greek Salad
    • Greek Wine from Santorini is unique as the grapes are grown in volcanic ash
    • Gyros
    • Lamb
    • Local Olives
    • Mashed Fava Beans (Fava me Koukia)
    • Moussaka is an eggplant or potato based pie with meat and cheese
    • Pomegranates
    • Saganaki is a phyllo pastry stuffed with cheese and covered in honey
    • Souvlaki are meat kabobs made from lamb, beef or chicken
    • Spanikopita is a phyllo pastry filled with spinach, cheese, and sometimes onion
    • Tomato Fritters made with tomatoes and onion, they are spiced either with oregano and peppermint then deep-fried
    • Tzatziki is a yogurt based sauce with bits of garlic, onion, cucumbers, olive oil and lemon. Pita bread is usually served with this dish for dipping.

What to Read: 

  • The Odyssey, by Homer
  • The King Must Die, by Mary Renault
  • Little Infamies, by Panos Karnezis
  • My Family and Other Animals, by Gerald Durrell
  • Uncle Petros and Goldbach’s Conjecture, by Apostolos Doxiadis
  • Freedem and Death, by Nikos Kazantzakis
  • The Dark Labyrinth, by Lawrence Durrell
  • The Names, by Don DeLillo
  • Atticus the Storyteller’s 100 Greek Myths by Lucy Coats and Anthony Lewis

Photo Guide for Athens, Greece:

  • Acropolis
  • Temple of Olympian Zeus
  • Ancient Agora
  • Dromeas “Running Man” Sculpture
  • Changing of the Guard (Evzones)
  • Panatheniac Stadium
  • Anafiotika Neighborhood
  • Mount Lycabettus
  • Lake Vouliagmeni
  • Pentelikion Waterfall

The Baths of Miletus

DSC_1061, The Capitol Baths of Miletus

Approaching the archaeological site of Miletus, it is obvious that there is a large influence of Roman architecture and tradition that once made an impact on this city.  One of the more important customs was that of public bathing.

In the city of Miletus there were three bathing areas:  the Capito Thermae, Humei Tope Thermae (in the north) and the Faustina Thermae operating in the south.   During the First Century BC, Cnaeus Vergilius Capito donated the resources for a large building complex which would contain an exercise area and baths.  An inscription located on the northern section of the Ionic Stoa, confirms his donation. Because baths were more of a social activity among the Romans, this compound was perfectly situated between the Delphinion and the Hellenistic Gymnasium.  In the Palaestra, the exercise area, was a swimming pool.  There were three sections to the baths (Thermae) which were the dressing rooms, the warm bath and the hot bath.

DSC_1062, More ruins in Miletus

The Delphinion was built near the Harbour of Lions as a sanctuary of Apollo Delphinios who was the patron saint of sailors and ships.  It was first constructed in the 6th century BC, and went through several updates before it was destroyed in the 5th century AD.  The ruins clearly show the remains of a circular temple which was once protected by a roof and sheltered the altar where the residents brought their offerings.  There were inscriptions found on the inner walls of the stoa and on the stelae indicating that this location was also once the city’s archive.

DSC_1072, Sheep in the Fields in front of the Nymphaion, Miletus

Many of the ancient ruins were not without a Nymphaem, which was one of the most important features of the city.  This fountain was considered to be one of the most impressive of all of the Ionian cities.  A three story structure with a façade that displayed Corinthian columns, it is said to have looked much like the façade of the Library of Celsius in Ephesus.  You can find the Nymphaem on the western part of the city between the northern Capito  Thermae and the southern North Agora and the Gymnasium of Eudemus.  The structure also contained niches and pedestals on which statues would be displayed. The statues represented gods and demi-gods and it was estimated that there was a total of 27 throughout the building.

DSC_1074, Ruins in Miletus, South Gymnasium

The South Gymnasium also known as the Gymnasium of Eudemis, was built on a north to south axis on the southern part of the city.  On the esatern side of the Sacred way leading to the sanctuary of Didymia is an Ionic Stoa.  It was quite long with seven steps leading up to the 36 columns supporting a beautifully decorated frieze.   The original structure was built during the Flavian dynasty and further alterations were completed during the time of the Emperor Trajan.

DSC_1081 -Faustina Baths

Within close proximity to the theater were the Faustina Baths, which were built in the second century AD under the direction of Marcus Aurelius’ wife.   These were the dressing rooms for the baths.  At its height, the baths were an extensive complex with large fountains in various shapes such as the river god Meander, a small lion and other statues of the gods.

The building was a single story structure which included hot and cold baths, an area for physical exercizes and exquisite sculpture decoration.  There were 13 rooms on each side which acted as changing rooms for the visitors. There were also beds provided in these rooms for the visitors in the event that they would  want to rest.

+DSC_1052, Heading to Carpet Presentation

While visiting Miletus, it is a bit difficult to imagine that this city was once a port town, situated on a peninsula, with three harbors on the west and one on the east. The harbors have since silted up to the point that the site now sits 5 miles inland.  Today it is a popular shore excursion from the cruise lines that port in Kusadasi and is well worth the visit if you have an interest in ancient ruins, history and religion.

Have you had the pleasure of visiting Miletus?  What aspects of the ancient city did you find fascinating?  I would love to hear about your travel experience if you will kindly leave a message in the comments section below.  Many thanks for escaping away with me to Miletus and I hope you have many Happy Travels in your near future!

For more information about the beautiful, exotic country of Turkey, check out the following links!

Topkapki Palace
The Blue Mosque
Hagia Sophia
Spice Bazaar and Hippodrome
Ephesus, Turkey: A Journey Back in Time
A Turkish Carpet Demonstration
Kusadasi and its Symbol of Peace
The Theater of Miletus

Dungeons and Doges at the Palazzo Ducale in Venice

During the time of the Venetian Republic, the Palazzo Ducale (Doge’s Palace) was the center of government in Venice and served as the ducal residence.  Today it is one of the central landmarks of Venice that takes its stately place in the most recognizable of piazzas in all of the world.

1_dsc0040

The gorgeous architecture of the Palazzo Ducale is strikingly noticeable as the vaparetto arrives from the Grand Canal.  The pink hue of the building’s Verona marble is magnified by the sun setting in the horizon.

The rule of the Doge began in the 9th century, where he took residence in a modest home on the Rialto.  When a fire destroyed the property in the 10th century, a new palace was built and relocated to the Piazza San Marco where it remains today.

2_dsc0220

This enchanted palace was originally designed in the Byzantine-Venetian style with facades facing the Piazetta.  Over the years, it would suffer a series of fires that would result in multiple restorations.  The  palace’s design has evolved into a Venetian-Gothic style fortress overlooking St. Mark’s Basin.  Visible today are its columned gallery, second floor loggia and arched windows in the upper floor.

3_dsc0285

Only a few of the original structures have survived over the years including the Porta della Carta.  Once the ceremonial entrance into the palace, it displays the symbolic winged Lion of St. Mark with an open book as Doge Francesco Foscari kneels in front of him.  The Doge was added in 1442, approximately 650 years after its initial completion.

Porta della Carta is translated as “The Paper Gate” and it was thought to be the location where petitions were submitted to the counsel for review.  Other sources claim that it may have been where the archives of the state were stored.

4_dsc0350

The Porta della Carta leads into the courtyard through the Foscari Arch.  Immediately, I noticed the Scala dei Giganti known as the Staircase of the Giants.  Located at the top of the stairs are gargantuan statues of Mars and Neptune, who represent the gods of land and sea.    The ceremonial crowning of the Doge was performed here.  It was also the location where Doge Marino Faliero was beheaded in 1355 for attempting a coup d’etat.

5-130831-d2-the-courtyard-of-the-doges-palace

The courtyard, known as the Cortile del Palazzo, is closed at the north side where once stood the Doge’s chapel.   In the center of the square are two wells that date back to the 16th century.

Once I had completed my self-guided tour of the Doge’s Palace, I patiently waited for a behind the scenes tour of the prisons and dungeons.

6_dsc0345

This additional tour, booked through Viator, began with a walk through the Ponte dei Sospiri, more commonly known as the Bridge of Sighs.  Built in 1614, this enclosed walkway was the link between the Magistrate’s chambers and the holding cell to the prisons.

130831-d2-looking-out-from-the-bridge-of-sighs

The phrase “Bridge of Sighs” was created by writer, Lord Byron referring to the prisoner’s last sigh as he takes his final glimpse of Venice and San Giorgio before his incarceration.

The Venetian judges were known for giving harsh sentences, which meant imprisonment in the inhumane confounds of the prison or an even worse punishment, depending on the offense.

The conditions of the prison were cruel and brutal, especially during the winter months.  The prisoners who found themselves incarcerated at ground level were at a greater disadvantage due to the rising water and dampness.  This area was reserved for the most heinous of offenses where disease and death was most common. The upper level prison cells were reserved for those who committed lesser offenses or came from prestigious families.  After learning about the story of Casanova’s imprisonment and escape, we returned back to the Doge’s Palace for additional time to explore.

The historical museums and restored structures provide an insight to the prosperity and affluence of Venice at the height of its glory.  Although the world has changed since the days of the Doge where Venice was a wealthy, vibrant city of commerce, there is no doubt Venice remains a treasure.

Have you visited Venice and taken the Doge’s Palace and Dungeons tour?  What was your favorite part of the excursion?  Or if there were additional tours or sights that you would recommend in Venice, what would they be?  I would love to hear from you if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below! Many thanks for reading my post about the Doge’s Palace and Dungeons tour!  I wish you many Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do:

Palazzo Ducale (Doge’s Palace)
Located next to St. Mark’s Basilica in St. Mark’s Square
Telephone:  +39 041 271 5911

  • Hours of Operation:  April through October, 8:30 AM to 7:00 PM
  • Admission:  16 Euros for a combination ticket which includes the Correr Museum; last entry one hour before closing
  • Vaporetto Stop:  San Marco, San Zaccaria
  • Optional Tour:  The Doge’s Palace which includes the prison (20 Euros)
  • Tips for Your Visit:  No photos permitted inside;  Purchase your ticket for the palace at the Correr Museum and you can bypass the long lines using the “Prepaid Tickets” entrance. Visitors may also purchase their tickets online 48 hours in advance by accessing their website.  Always refer to the attraction’s website for the most recent information!

Where to Stay:

The Centaur Hotel
San Marco
Campo Manin 4297/a
30124, Venice (Italy)
Telephone: +39 041 5225832

Where to Eat:

Osteria Enoteca San Marco
Calle Frezzeria, 1610
30124, Venice (Italy)
Telephone: +39 041 528 5242

The charming, rustic interior provided a laid-back, yet elegant atmosphere.  Grilled scallops with pea, broad beans and bacon was my starter course followed by Bucatini carbonara with asparagus.  The meal was sensational and the service splendid.

What to Eat: 

  • Aperol Spritz is made with Prosecco (bubbly) wine, Aperol and a splash of soda.
  • Bellini’s were invented at Harry’s Bar and is my favorite brunch drink made with Prosecco and peach puree.
  • Seafood, especially sea bass. Black goby is a local fish from the lagoon and another local dish is fried sardines.
  • Vegetables from the Rialto Market
  • Instead of pasta, Venice serves rice and polenta.  Rice and peas (risi e bisi) is a very popular dish.
  • Appetizers such as Venetian meat and cheese (the salami is amazing!) or cicchetti (similar to Spain’s tapas) are small servings that are the right portions.  Baccala Mantecato is a topping for cicchetti made of creamed white fish.
  • Polpetta are deep fried meatballs
  • For lunch, the locals will order Tramezzino (sandwich) which is triangular in shape.
  • Dishes served with Nero di Seppia (Squid Ink Sauce) are a delicacy and the squid ink is very dark, so it may come as a surprise when your dish arrives.
  • Fritto Misto (Fried Fish and Seafood) can also include fried vegetables.
  • Venetian cookies (Buranelli – from the island of Burano and Sfogliatine) can be purchased at the local bakery.

What to Read: 

  • Donna Leon has a series of crime novels all based in Venice.
  • The Glassblower of Murano, by Marina Fiorato
  • A Venetian Affair, by Andrea di Robilant
  • The City of Falling Angels, by John Berendt
  • Dead Lagoon, by Michael Dibdin
  • A Thousand Days in Venice, by Marlena De Biasi

Photo Guide for Venice: 

  • The Bridge of Sighs leads to the waterfront dungeons and is best photographed from the Ponte della Paglia.
  • Burano is one of the islands within the Veneto was once a community of fishermen.  The colorful homes can seen from a distance as the vaparetto approaches. The colors of the island and reflections make memorable photographs.
  • Piazza San Marco / St. Mark’s Square is the main meeting place in Venice to explore the Doge’s Palace, the Campanile and the Clock.
  • Pont de l’Academie translates as the Academia Bridge and is the second most popular bridge behind the Rialto Bridge.
  • The Rialto Bridge at Sunrise and Sunset;  Take a trip on the vaparetto along the Grand Canal for some amazing photo opportunities.
  • Rivi degli Schiavoni is where the gondolas are “parked” with the Church of San Giorgio Maggiore in the background.
  • St. Mark’s Campanile is the bell tower in the square.  Visitors can purchase tickets to ride up to the top for spectacular views of the lagoon and nearby buildings.
  • If you can visit during the Venice Carnival celebration, you will have many opportunities for some amazing, dramatic photos of people dressed in costume.

100-130907-d9-view-of-the-doges-palace-from-the-camponile

A beautiful view of the Doge’s Palace showing the cornice of spires and merlons adorning the top

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Looking into the Bridge of Sighs in Venice

d2-view-of-venice-from-the-prisons

A View of Venice from the former Venetian prison

A Walking Tour of the Victoria and Albert Harbor

Filled with adrenaline from having swam with the Great Whites at Gansbaai, I was excited to explore the scenic coast of Cape Town before hopping a plane for Johannesburg.  With a couple of days ahead of me, I planned to explore the coast, sample the local wines and study the fascinating life of Nelson Mandela.

Grabbing my backpack, I exited the Protea Hotel in Sea Point and began my forty-five minute trek towards the Victoria and Alfred Waterfront.  Known as the oldest working harbor in the Southern Hemisphere, this lively neighborhood is where I will be catching the jetty over to Robben Island in the afternoon.

Navigating through one of the most affluent suburbs of Cape Town, I quickly reached the coast.  I had arrived in August, the start of South Africa’s winter, greeted with mild temperatures and overcast skies.  The colorful high rises were a welcome site against the gray backdrop and foggy start of my day.

Mounds of seaweed covered the manicured beaches as small whitecaps made their way towards the water’s edge.  The sun was rising and casting a glow on the concrete landscape where locals slowly filled the promenade.  The briny smell of the sea continued to grow stronger as warmer temperatures began to rise.  My walk continued northeast away from Sea Point  towards indigenous gardens, passing the Green Point Lighthouse with a glimpse of the Cape Town Stadium.

Gazing toward the barren mountains in the distance, the palm tree-lined avenue brought me closer to the V&A Waterfront.  Posted signs served as a reminder of Cape Town’s water shortage which was at its peak during my visit.

Within minutes, the landscape grew more beautiful with gardens of purple salvia and elegantly laid brick stretching for miles.  Tall, clusters of palm trees rose from the rocky cliffs sloping down towards the bay. The V&A Waterfront, a part of  Cape Town’s Big 6, includes the Table Mountain Cableway, Kirstensbosch Gardens, Robben Island, Cape Point and Constantia Vineyards.

In the midst of the spectacular countryside was built a beautiful tribute to Queen Victoria and her son Prince Alfred, known by locals as the V&A Waterfront. The venue has become one of South Africa’s most visited historical and cultural destinations.

From the second story of the waterfront’s shopping plaza I noticed the boats moored in South Africa’s oldest working harbor, over 450 shops and restaurants lining the streets and a Ferris wheel offering spectacular views of Signal Hill.  I had purchased a ticket to visit Robben Island and would return to the dock after lunch to board the Robben Island jetty.

Too early for lunch, I strolled the harbor where boats were tied up alongside the dock bringing in the catch of the day and taking out passengers for tours of the coast. Many of the stores and restaurants would soon open, so I strolled the quiet site and found The Harbor House where I decided to dine for lunch.

Starting out with a local Chenin Blanc from Beaumont Wines, I scanned over the menu in hopes of finding a local seafood dish or a platter of sushi for lunch.  The wine was crisp with the flavors of tart apples and melon, chilled perfectly.  Sitting on the second level of the restaurant, the sun was struggling to push its way past the cloudy sky, but its warmth was pressing in.

With each sip, I weighed my options and finally  decided on the Tuna Rainbow Roll and Ultimate Rainbow Roll.  Decadent and full of flavor, I slowly enjoyed each bite as I finished my glass of wine. The weight staff were exceptional and the restaurant views, spectacular.

As I strolled the waterfront with its colorful monuments and museums, I heard the bark of a Cape Fur Seal. Following the sound, I came upon this beautiful mammal tucked in a concrete corner finding a place to rest near the first stop on my self-guided tour, Cape Town’s Clock Tower.

Built in 1882, the Victorian-Gothic Clock Tower was once the office of the Port Captain, who managed the schedule of ships coming in and out of the docks.  The clock tower, originally painted yellow, is the oldest building along the waterfront.  One of the city’s most iconic landmarks, the red-and-gray tower was refurbished in 1997 and is the home to several Cape Fur Seals.

Located at the base of the Swing Bridge, the African Trading Port is a shop focused on selling local African Art to include sculptures, ceramics, pottery and artifacts.  Drawing works from all over the country, this workshop first opened in Zimbabwe in 1978 with additional shops such as the one in Cape Town, opening in 2001.

Looking out across the port, the location where I am standing is Alfred Basin, where the original docks were built at the port of Cape Town.  In the distance are the picturesque Signal Hill and Table Mountain.

One of my favorite experiences was finding the beautifully painted rhinos placed along the waterfront, part of a program to bring awareness to these endangered species.  Poachers have been hunting the rhinoceros for their tusks, bringing about their near extinction since the 1950s.  TRAC, which stands for “The Rhinos are Coming” is  raising money to stop this practice throughout Africa.  From February 1st to March 31st of 2017, one hundred decorated rhinos were strategically placed throughout Cape Town as an outdoor art exhibit, which remained on display.

The V&A Market is now home to the former Pumphouse.  A vibrant marketplace with over forty vendors offering fresh food and produce as well as gourmet meals and local beer and wine.  I couldn’t resist stopping by The Knysna Oyster Company for a half a dozen oysters on the half shell.

A few steps from the market is Nobel Square, another impressive artistic installation, which opened in December of 2005.   The four statues represent Albert Lutuli, Desmond Tutu, F. W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela, four of the country’s Nobel Peace Prize winners.

Checking my watch, I realized the ferry would soon be leaving for Robben Island.  Eager to explore the history of this island prison, I was also curious to learn more about Nelson Mandela’s experience here as a political prisoner.

Have you visited the Victoria and Albert’s Waterfront in Cape Town, South Africa?  What was your favorite part of your visit?  I would love to hear from you if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below. Many thanks for reading about my visit to Cape Town and wishing you many Happy Travels.

What to See and What to Do:

Where to Stay;

Where to Eat:

What to Eat:

What to Read:

Photo Guide to Capetown:

Bali, Indonesia: Hotel Nirwana and Lovina Beach’s Charm

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Although I enjoyed my stay at the Aditya Beach Resort, I wanted to be closer to the town’s center, to interact with the locals and try a restaurant or two.  I found a room at the Nirwana Water Garden Hotel, located on the main strip, which was the perfect location for exploring this charming little village.

As soon as I walked onto the resort, I could see a restaurant on the right, the registration desk in front of me and the pool and bungalows to my left.  The property is beautifully decorated and I was thrilled to  spend a couple of nights here.

56 Hotel Pool, Nirwana, 1.5.13

I checked into my room where I was greeted by the neighborhood rabbit that lives on the grounds.  I stored my belongings and was ready to find a restaurant for dinner and a couple of beers.  I passed the pool and was tempted to take a swim, but I was more excited to explore Lovina and walk the beach.

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Slowly wandering the streets to take it all in, I admired the colorful artistry of the statues, wood carvings and offering pedestals.  It is not uncommon to see monkey-like figures as well as images of elephants which represent the gods of the Hindu.  Most of the artwork is connected to Bali’s strong religious beliefs, which has a large influence on its culture.

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The craftsmanship of the Balinese woodwork is exquisite and detailed.  The three-dimensional carpentry usually tells a story of human enlightenment or the conflict between good and evil.  The displayed artwork invoked a sense of spirituality, regardless of one’s beliefs.

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As dusk began to fall over the town, the music grew louder from the local bars.  I met up with a couple of vendors, purchased a few necklaces and started looking for a place to enjoy dinner. I stopped halfway from my hotel when I noticed the Kakatua Bar & Restaurant, an open air eatery with patio seating.

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I took a seat closest to the street and ordered a nice, cold Bintang beer.  After looking through the menu, I selected the red snapper as my main course and watched tourists fill the empty seats surrounding me.  At first glance, I thought that the name of the restaurant was named after the Indonesian city of Krakatoa, but my server explained that the Kakatua are the resident cockatoos.

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It took awhile for my food to arrive, but it gave me some time to people watch, catch up on my journal and eavesdrop on the table beside me.  The red snapper was worth the wait and I enjoyed listening to an Australian guitarist sing James Taylor tunes. It was finally sinking in that I was actually in Bali.  The past few days have been so busy that I hadn’t appreciated the fact that I had finally arrived in paradise.

I savored every last bite of my meal and after a second beer, I began making the walk back to the hotel.  I looked forward to a peaceful night’s sleep, drifting off with a smile on my face, thankful for the opportunity to explore such an amazing place.

Do you have a fun story about traveling to a place that seems so unbelievable you can hardly believe it?  I would love to hear about your experience if you would kindly leave a message in the comments section below.  Many thanks for reading about my spectacular trip to Bali!  Happy Travels!

What to See and What to Do: 

Dolphin Watching at Lovina Beach

Tickets vary from $15 to $18 and the boats seat up to five or six.  If you are staying in Lovina Beach, there is a kiosk on the main street, heading towards the beach on the right hand side.  If you are staying in South Bali (Kuta, Jimbaran, etc.), contact the concierge for tickets.

Where to Stay:

Nirwana Water Garden
Lovina Beach Street
Lovina Beach Bali

Nirwana Water Garden is located in the heart of Lovina Beach.  It is a 45-minute drive to the dive site of Menjangan Island.   Ngurah Rai International Airport is a 2.5-hour drive away.  The hotel can provide hotel transfers for a fee.

Nirwana Restaurant serves Indonesian specialties, with the option of in-room dining.  Guests can enjoy a guided tour to visit the dolphins at Lovina Beach, which can be arranged by the Nirwana’s staff.

Where to Eat:

Kakatua Bar and Restaurant
Jalan Binarea
Lovina Beach Bali

Open 7 days a week and moderately priced; no website;  Free WIFI service…just ask for the password.

What to Eat: 

  • Babi Guling:  Suckling pig, which is similar to BBQ pork in the US.
  • Bakso Soup:  Indonesian soup made with meatballs, noodles, spices, vegetables and broth
  • Gado-Gado:  A cold salad of vegetables served with a peanut sauce
  • Nasi Goreng:  Fried noodles with lots of vegetables and a choice of meat, topped with peanuts and an egg.
  • Pisang Goreng:  Fried Bananas, served with palm sugar, honey, flaked coconut or ice cream
  • Sate Ayam:  Chicken on a stick usually served with a peanut sauce
  • Spring Rolls:  Crispy pastry filled with minced meat and mixed vegetables and then fried, usually served with a chili sauce

What to Read:

  • Balilicious, by Becky Wicks
  • Eat, Pray, Love, by Elizabeth Gilbert
  • A House in Bali, by Colin McPhee
  • Love and Death in Bali, by Vicky Baum
  • Snowing in Bali, by Kathryn Bonella
  • Under the Volcano: A story of Bali, by Cameron Forbes

Photo Guide for North Bali:

  • Git Git Waterfall
  • Mount Batur
  • Sekumpal Waterfalls
  • Tamblingan Lake
  • Twin Lakes Viewpoint

58 130105, D7 Pool at Nirwana, 1.5.13Beautiful Pool at Nirwana Water Garden

57 Statues at Nirwana, Lovina Beach

Cute Little Images at Nirwana Water Garden

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Zigiz, A Club in Lovina Beach

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Bintang Indonesian Beer

Caesar’s Palace in Las Vegas

083 Entrance to Caesar's Palace

The colossal palace complex of Caesar’s Palace in Las Vegas represents the opulence and luxury that only the Romans could have envisioned.  Adorned with Romanesque statues and artwork, this fine resort could have easily been a summer home for the rulers of Rome, one of the world’s greatest empires.  The mega-resort first opened in the 1960s with its over-the-top reconstruction of the European city’s most memorable monuments, statues and fountains.

100 Trevi Fountain Replica at Caesar's, Exterior

The Trevi Fountain outside of the Forum Shops

Caesar’s Palace would not adequately represent Rome without its Colosseum offering entertainment from such acts as singers Celine Dion and Elton John as well as comedian headliner Jerry Seinfeld. The high-tech version of Rome’s ancient arena seats 41,000 with state of the art lighting systems and sound.  While some may not be able to afford the venue’s entertainment, there are a group of animatronic statues that provide free hourly shows called the Fall of Atlantis & Festival Fountain Show.

The main dining attractions of Caesar’s Palace include three star Michelin chef, Guy Savoy’s restaurant, Gordon Ramsay’s Hell Kitchen (opened January 2018) and Pronto by Giada (opened early 2018).   In addition to its dining and nightlife, it is no surprise that the Forum Shops are also a major attraction within the casino hotel.

094 Colossal Statues in the Shopping Plaza, Caesar's

Shopping at Caesar’s Palace

The most dramatic entrance into the Forum Shops is through The Strip.  Gargantuan statues and a grand staircase welcome the shopping goddess to over 160 boutique shops to include expensive designers such as Fendi and Armani as well as specialty boutiques and a three story H&M.

102 Amazing View of Caesar's

Caesar’s Palace Fountains

After a day of shopping, a girl’s best friend is the Qua Baths and Spa. In addition to its spa services, a $25 day pass at the Roman Baths includes the opportunity to feel the heat in the cedar sauna or enjoy the cold of the arctic room.

Late into the night, the resort’s OMNIA nightclub, Pure, is known for its patio providing a view of the strip as well as its DJs spinning the latest chartbusters.  Alternatively, for a laid-back atmosphere, drinks at the Spanish Steps are a must.

What is your favorite Las Vegas hotel and why?  I would love to hear about your experiences in Las Vegas, especially if you stayed at the luxurious Caesar’s Palace, so leave a message in the Comment section below!  Happy Travels!

Caesar’s Palace is located at 3570 Las Vegas Boulevard South.  For more information about the resort, you can contact their website at www.caesarspalace.com.

086 Replica of Trevi Fountain

Replica of the Trevi Fountain in Rome

089 The Show of the gods

Fall of Atlantis & Festival Fountain Show

090 Caesar's Aquarium

Aquarium with Fish Swimming among Roman Ruins
084 Artwork inside Caesar's Palace

Mosaic Like Artwork Depicting Roman Chariot Racing
085 Statues and Domes at Caesar's Palace

 Romanesque Statues
088 Caesar's Palace Interior

 Replica of the Parthenon of Rome

099 Exterior Fountain at Caesar's

 Replica of one of Rome’s Famous Fountains

103 More Fountains at Caesar's, LAS

 Beautiful Fountains of Caesar’s Palace